References - The Archive

All the references to plasma speaker and related massless articles in one place, over 600!

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CategoryTitle/ModelPublication/PublisherCompanyAuthor/DesignerTypeYearRangeMonthVolumePagePatent No.WebpageCountryNotes
CommercialKathodophoneLorenz for Tri-Ergon (1923)Hans Vogt, Josef Engl, Joseph MassolleCorona1918Michttps://www.filmsoundsweden.se/backspegel/kathodophon.htmlDEOr Kathodofon - used for earliest film sound recording 1922, 500V 0.25mm gap
CommercialIonophoneAudaxSiegfried KleinGlow1952Tweeterhttp://edgarvillchur.com/a-new-speaker-principle/FRThe first licensed Klein Ionophone
CommercialIonophone Type D15PlesseySiegfried KleinGlow1954Tweeterhttp://duckduckgo.com/Ionophone Type D15 Siegfried Klein 1954UKA licensed Klein Ionophone
CommercialIonophon LautsprecherTelefunken Deutschland TFKSiegfried KleinGlow1955Tweeterhttps://www.radiomuseum.org/r/telefunken_lautsprecher_ionophon.htmlDEA licensed Klein Ionophone
CommercialIonophoneA.E.G.Siegfried KleinGlow1955Tweeterhttp://duckduckgo.com/Ionophone Siegfried Klein 1955SEA licensed Klein Ionophone
CommercialIonovacDukane, IonavacSiegfried Klein, William TornGlow1957Tweeterhttps://www.radiomuseum.org/r/dukanecorp_ionovac_plasma_tweeter_14a435a.htmlUSDuk-5,10 - 60, Ionavac division,Ionofone (reworked Klein Ionophone)
CommercialIonovac T-3500Electro-Voice (electrovoice)Siegfried KleinGlow1958Tweeterhttps://products.electrovoice.com/binary/T-3500%20Ionovac%20EDS.pdfUSA licensed Dukane Ionovac clone
CommercialIonofane, IonofoneFane AcousticsFaulkus, KleinGlow1965Tweeterhttp://duckduckgo.com/Ionofane, Ionofone Faulkus, Klein 1965UKA licensed Ionovac clone Fane 601, used in BBC monitor, B&W P2H and Sony
CommercialP2, P2HBowers & Wilkins, B&WGlow1967Tweeterhttps://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/w-bowers-wilkins-p2h-monitors-fane-251686354UKUsed a Fane ACWThis 601 tweeter, H higher power version, (release date from B&W facebook)
CommercialTecnac IonofoneThorolf Hartung Technische AkustikSiegfried KleinGlow1974Tweeterhttps://www.plasmaspeaker.de/unterseite-1.htmlDELater (bad) Klein Ionovac clone
CommercialModel-1A, ReferencePhonogenNorbert Schafer, Otto Braun,Hans UnbehendGlow1975Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220328120123/http://www.plasmatweeter.de/phonogen.htmDEComplete speaker, tweeter was (audiotrade) Braun Ionovac/Corona in Reference, later 1A used Acapella
CommercialHill Type-1 Plasma Speaker SystemPlasmatronics Inc.Dr. Alan Hill, With Tony SalsichGlow1978Tweeterhttp://hillplasmatronics.com/USWell known, helium tank, handful made Type 1,Model 1-100-A or 1A key
CommercialCorona Plasma TweeterCorona Acoustic GmbHOtto Braun,Hans UnbehendGlow1978Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20110911164831fw_/http://www.plasmatweeter.de/corona.htmDECompany 1977-99, sold to Lansch Audio. Also designed Acapella Ion TW-1
CommercialRealonReal Onkyo Co. Ltd.Mr HataGlow1978Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20211026003354fw_/http://plasmatweeter.de/realon.htmJPA late Ionofane (Klein), Refurb Mk3 listed on Amazon Japan 2014 Mk 1,2,3 ,TS-5A, PS-2000
CommercialPlasma Type Transpuls MP-01, MP-02, 001, 100MagnatSiegfried KleinGlow1979Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20211025230536fw_/http://plasmatweeter.de/magnat.htmDEMP-01 used in the Transpuls MP-X-101, MP-X-066, MP-X-088. Transpulsar sometimes used. key
CommercialDVL DigiplasmaIMLGlow1981Tweeterhttps://www.plasmaspeaker.de/iml.htmlSWPWM tweeter, unique, Swiss, Award winner
CommercialIonovacAmerican Audio Components Inc.Siegfried KleinGlow1981Tweeter97https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Audio/Archive-High-Fidelity/80s/High-Fidelity-1981-Components.pdfUSLast manufacturer or seller of the Ionovac in the US
CommercialPlasmasonic 1Audio ReferenceHenri Bondar, Jean-Claude FourriereCorona1984Fullhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230719174318/http://tmms.co.jp/EFD/Industrial_issues/Plasmasonic.htmFRHeadphones, few hundred made - $2000 1 key
CommercialIon TW-1Acapella (ATR)Glow1998Tweeterhttp://www.acapella.de/DECurrent - Was 8,500 ACWtable euro on its own, now only part of full system TW-1, TW-1S key
CommercialCorona Plasma TweeterLansche Audio, Corona Acoustic GmbHRudiger Lansche, Otto BraunGlow1998Tweeterhttps://www.lansche-audio.com/products/plasmatweeter/SWCurrent - Took over Corona Acoustic's designs
CommercialA-3000CSE Inc.Corona1999Tweeterhttps://osakaya-com.translate.goog/store/items/speaker/287/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wappJPNegative ioniser on an AMT tweeter, 15kHz+ super tweeter -not really ion or plasma but here as ref
CommercialPlasmasonicEastern Voltage ResearchBrush2007Mid/Tweeterhttps://www.easternvoltageresearch.com/USCurrent - tesla coil based design for shows and demos (not the headphones)
CommercialVA, Arc One, EALViger Audio, Plasma VoiceBoris G. VigerGlow2012Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20190423175932/http://viger-audio.com/RUSolid state plasma tweeters VA-5pro,VA6, VA7
CommercialARC Plasma SpeakerExcelPhysicsMatt Chapman, David StoyanovGlow2014Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160315022732/http://excelphysics.com/pages/storyUSKickstarter funded DIY kit plasma speaker, no longer in business (out 2016)
CommercialPlasma Signature, IIVaugn LoudspeakersJim JordanGlow2016Tweeterhttps://www.vaughnloudspeakers.com/productsUSCurrent - Recreated Ionovac in the Plasma II
Early HistoryCorona discharge Otto Von GuerickeCorona1672https://archive.org/details/experimentanovau00gueruoftDEFirst observation of a corona discharge on pointed conductors
Early HistoryElectric windFrancis HauksbeeCorona1709https://archive.org/details/b30512839/page/n3/mode/2upUKFirst observation of the electric wind
Early HistoryElectrick (electric) vapour, Electric WindIsaac NewtonCorona1717https://www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/NATP00051UK2nd and 3rd edition of Opticks notes the electrick vapour
Early HistoryBrushes of lightJean Antoine NolletCorona1746https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k10414837/f19.itemFRCorona discharge observations
Early HistoryElectrical fireBenjamin FranklinCorona1747http://www.benjamin-franklin-history.org/franklin-collison-july-28-1747/USElectrical fire observations ACWis to Peter Collinson
Early HistoryThe electric flyBenjamin WilsonCorona1750https://archive.org/details/b2875914x/page/n9/mode/2upUKBlast resembling wind, proven not to exist in vacuum
Early HistoryThe cool windEbenezer KinnersleyCorona1752https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Franklin/01-04-02-0096UKFeel the fire discharges blow on your hand
Early HistoryNot in a vacuumTiberius CavalloCorona1777https://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_a-complete-treatise-of-e_cavallo-tiberius_1777ITFurther proving the wind does not exist in vacuum
Early HistorySound of flame in a tube, Singing flameDr Byron HigginsFlame1777https://archive.org/details/ajournalnatural02nichgoogUKResonant hydrogen flame in a metal pipe
Early HistoryElectric windMichael FaradayCorona1838https://archive.org/details/philtrans02498951UKElectric wind observations
Early HistorySondhauss TubeCarl SondhaussFlame1850https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijke_tubeSealed end glass tube flame resonator (at bottom of wiki)
Early HistoryGas light responseJohn LeconteFlame1858http://duckduckgo.com/Gas light response John Leconte 1858USObserved gas lights response to music
Early HistoryRijke TubePieter RijkeFlame1859https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d00326546k&view=1up&seq=355Open ended glass tube flame resonator
Early HistorySinging FlameJohn TyndallFlame1867https://www.gutenberg.org/files/54969/54969-h/54969-h.htmUKRoyal Institution demonstrations Faraday, Wheatstone
Early HistoryViewing electric windAugust ToeplerCorona1868https://www.popularmechanics.com/flight/g25397392/electric-wind-ionic-wind-history/Invent schleiren optics ACWcopyright and used them to view electric wind
Early HistoryPyrophoneFrederic Eugene KastnerFlame1869https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/pyrophone1/Also known as burning harmonica or chemical harmonica
Early HistoryAerophoneThomas EdisonAir1878https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1303748-356605092USHere for ref, not 100% massless but an early compressed air attempt
Early HistorySinging flame or talking arcLee De ForestArc1897https://www.leedeforest.org/A_Yale_Man_files/11Yale-1897-talking-arc.jpgUSThe earliest plasma speaker? Talking arc speaking flame diagram in diary.
Early HistorySinging electric arcHermann Theodor SimonArc1898Musichttps://zenodo.org/record/1821567/files/article.pdfSome of the earliest work on arcs and sound, University of Gottingen
Early HistoryAuxetophoneShort & Parsons, VictorAir1898Musichttp://www.douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/COMMS/auxetophone/auxetoph.htmNearly massless compressed air amplifier Horace Short, Charles Parsons
Early HistorySinging ArcWilliam Du Bois DuddellArc1899https://120years.net/the-singing-arcwilliam-duddeluk1899/UKOscillator based on carbon arc lamps, also the musical arc
Early HistoryPoulsen ArcValdemar PoulsenArc1903https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/002857941/publication/US789449A?q=US789449A radio transmitter based on Duddell's work Also spelt Poulson
Early HistoryTelharmoniumThaddeus CahillArc1906Musichttps://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/002648714/publication/US580035A?q=US580035Uses arcs as electrical oscillators based on Duddell's work
Early HistorySinging ArcUniversidad de La PlataEmil BoseArc1911Marhttps://www.nime.org/proceedings/2019/nime2019_paper044.pdfA demo close to Simon s design using Max Kohl s equipment, post Duddell, died in May
Early HistoryFlamephoneScientific and Projections Ltd.John George Aulsebrook KitchenFlame1922Fullhttps://grammophon-platten.de/e107_plugins/forum/forum_viewtopic.php?34634GBA Flame directly modulated by a gramophone, not quite massless-nearly
ForumElectrostatic SubwooferGoogle GroupsRon FolkCorona1998Fullhttps://groups.google.com/g/rec.audio.high-end/c/_LQgE-Ao4_oMore recent anecdotes on the corona wind speaker of Tombs, lots on Gerald Shirley and his son Larry
ForumIf interested in ion drivers, found more infoAudio AsylumBondarCorona2004Fullhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230316010852/https://www.audioasylum.com/cgi/t.mpl?f=general&m=337109Some Plasmasonic extra ACWAdam details
ForumPlasmaSonic a headphone that puts even the OrpheusAudio AsylumBondarCorona2004Fullhttps://www.audioasylum.com/messages/general/335595/Some Plasmasonic extra details
ForumDr. Hills Patent discussionAudio AsylumcfbGlow2004Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230315125055/https://www.audioasylum.com/cgi/t.mpl?f=tweaks&m=104626Discussion on the Plasmatronics and Jay Philippbar
ForumCrossover points and music power distributiondiyAudioPruneGlow2004Tweeterhttps://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/crossover-points-and-music-power-distribution.45831/Thread on crossover point of plasma tweeters mainly Plasmatronics
ForumGuestbook, Plasmasonic, ToltequeMark HennessyValois DistributionJean-Claude FourriereCorona2005FullJanhttps://www.markhennessy.co.uk/guestbook/2005/january/A post from Jean-Claude with some first person detail on his companies, Plasmasonic, Tolteque
ForumBiefeld-Brown effect based full range driversdiyAudioIndalhcCorona2006FullJanhttps://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/biefeld-brown-effect-based-full-range-drivers.73003/Corona or Ion wind question, large thread, Townsend Brown pseudo science galore but someone trying to build one
ForumForum with Ionovac detailsKlipschDukane IonovacGlow2006Tweeterhttps://community.klipsch.com/index.php?/topic/72366-dukane-ionovac-information/Forum with Ionovac details 2006
ForumDuKane Ionovac InformationKlipschJack PodpleskyGlow2006Tweeterhttps://community.klipsch.com/index.php?/topic/72366-dukane-ionovac-information/More Ionovac and t3500 details
ForumHill PlasmatronicsGoogle GroupsJohn MayberryGlow2007Tweeterhttps://groups.google.com/g/hill-plasmatronicsGroup dedicated to Hill Plasmatronics
ForumPlasma Headphones?Head-fid.phensGlow2007Aprhttps://www.head-fi.org/threads/plasma-headphones.235224/Raising the question about plasma headphones with lengthy discussion and Plasmasonic details
Forumwhat are the thoughts of stand alone super tweeterAudiogonBowers & Wilkins, B&WForevermusic414Glow2008Tweeterhttps://forum.audiogon.com/discussions/what-are-the-thoughts-of-stand-alone-super-tweeterIncludes some discussion of the B&W P2H and integrating plasma tweeters
ForumThe Hub No moving parts No problemAudiogon2009https://forum.audiogon.com/discussions/the-hub-no-moving-parts-no-problem?sort_order=ascAn article/forum focused on Klein
ForumIonophonesHead-fiMeniskGlow2009https://www.head-fi.org/threads/ionophones.432701/Confusion between corona and plasma speakers, no massless.info to guide them
ForumNew fullrange corona speakerdiyAudiojenoCorona2009FullMarhttps://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/new-fullrange-corona-speaker.139774/Breif info and confusion on a number of corona speakers, Pass, Shirley, Kronos
ForumHIGH END 2009 - MunchenEuphonia-audioforumIMLGlow2009TweeterMayhttps://www.euphonia-audioforum.se/forums/index.php?/forums/topic/6887-high-end%C2%AE-2009-m%C3%BCnchen/page/5/SEAnecdote about purchasing IML Digiplasma
ForumAudio ReferenceHome Cinema FranceAudio ReferencePatou-netCorona2009FullOcthttps://www.homecinema-fr.com/forum/enceintes-haute-fidelite/audio-reference-t29867661-900.htmlAn owner of a Plasmasonic with some misinformation but some insight
ForumPlasma Speaker, Plasma Chamber4hv.orgGhostNullGlow/Corona2010Tweeter/FullSephttps://4hv.org/e107_plugins/forum/forum_viewtopic.php?id=96233Some discussion on plasma and corona, Shirley/Tombs link
ForumWhat is the most highly resolving speaker you have ever heardWhats Best ForumMobiusmanCorona2012Fullhttps://www.whatsbestforum.com/threads/what-is-the-most-highly-resolving-speaker-you-have-ever-heard.8390/page-7#post-434049Anecdotes about John Iverson Force Field Speaker
ForumDisappeared MarksHomecinema-frGrand-FloydCorona2012FullMarhttps://www.homecinema-fr.com/forum/materiel-haute-fidelite/les-marques-disparues-t30017211-15.htmlFRAnecdotes on the Plasmasonic, Tolteques and Fourriere
ForumA Student's Attempt at the Plasmasonic HeadphonesHead-fiAkirozCorona2012FullJulhttps://www.head-fi.org/threads/a-students-attempt-at-the-plasmasonic-headphones.619661/A plasmasonic headphone project
ForumA Student's Attempt at the Plasmasonic HeadphonesdiyAudiob1o2r3i4s5Corona2012FullAughttps://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/a-students-attempt-at-the-plasmasonic-headphones.217429/A plasmasonic headphone project (be careful they are deadly)
ForumUNUSUAL speaker designsAudiokarma2013https://www.audiokarma.org/forums/index.php?threads/unusual-speaker-designs.494299/Various odd speakers ACWChambers
ForumTrue SubbassAudio HeritagePhonogenGibberGlow2013Tweeterhttps://www.audioheritage.org/vbulletin/showthread.php?27051-True-Subbass/page5Pics of a Phonogen Model 1A and Reference
ForumDecca London speakers with JBL horn? Scott speakers?Audio KarmaValois Distribution, Audio ReferenceJean-Claude FourriereCorona2013FullAprhttps://audiokarma.org/forums/index.php?threads/decca-london-speakers-with-jbl-horn-scott-speakers.514877/Background links for Jean-Claude Fourriere
ForumDid Sony make great speakers?theartofsound.netSony CorpGlow2013TweeterMayhttps://theartofsound.net/forum/showthread.php?17366-Did-Sony-Make-Great-Speakers/page6Quote about the Sony badged B&W P2H Ionofane
ForumStarting a plasma headphone project RedditCommunistWitchDrGlow2013https://www.reddit.com/r/diyaudio/comments/1pqdvd/starting_a_plasma_headphone_project/Putting someone off building plasma headphones
ForumForum on the Lansche Corona tweeterSteve Hoffman forumLansche AudioGlow2014Tweeterhttps://forums.stevehoffman.tv/threads/corona-plasma-tweeter.386189/On the Lansche Corona tweeter
ForumThe 3 types of tweeter or even driversAudiokarmasrinathGlow2014TweeterSephttps://audiokarma.org/forums/index.php?threads/the-3-types-of-tweeters-or-even-drivers.615504/A discussion of different ypes of tweeters and headphones
ForumUn systeme classiqueMelaudia.netGrand FloydCorona2015FullFebhttps://forums.melaudia.net/printthread.php?tid=4459&page=4Anecdotes on the Plasmasonic, Tolteques and Fourriere
ForumFlamephoneGrammophon-platten.deSeitenbetreiberFlame2015FullJulhttps://grammophon-platten.de/e107_plugins/forum/forum_viewtopic.php?34634A lot of pictures and info on the Flamephone, not quite massless
ForumAXPONA WaveionAudio Science ReviewamirmCorona2016Mid/TweeterAprhttps://www.audiosciencereview.com/forum/index.php?threads/axpona-waveion.371/Good pics from Waveion show, very quiet
ForumSuper tweeter time alignmentStereonetGlow2016TweeterOcthttps://www.stereonet.com/forums/topic/113130-super-tweeter-time-alignment/A rare constructive discussion around Magnat tweeters
Forumquestion about plasma headphonesdiyaudio.comgoobiciiGlow2017Aprhttps://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/question-about-plasma-headphones.306429/Good question and replies including Henri Bondar Plasmasonic
ForumThe Flamephone. Has anyone ever seen one of these on video?RedditatlinernotesFlame2018Fullhttps://www.reddit.com/r/steampunk/comments/8edpyh/the_flamephone_has_anyone_ever_seen_one_of_these/Questions on the Flamephone
ForumNew form of plasma speakerLaser Pointer ForumsWizardGGlow2018Marhttps://laserpointerforums.com/threads/new-form-of-plasma-speaker.102573/Short discussion on arstechinca article with typical half informed replies
ForumA forum with some bits of info in the threadHifi Sentralen2019https://www.hifisentralen.no/forumet/threads/plasmah%C3%B8yttaler.95851/A forum with some bits of info in the thread
ForumIonic SpeakersThe Audio Circuit2019https://web.archive.org/web/20190713051542/http://www.audiocircuit.com/DIY/Ionic-SpeakersSome brief bits of info (dead site, archive link)
ForumPlasma Headphones?headphones.comSolanGlow2020Dechttps://forum.headphones.com/t/plasma-headphones/9685The question of whether plasma headphones would be a good idea
ForumDebunking the Myth that a Lighter DiaphragmAudio Science Review2021https://www.audiosciencereview.com/forum/index.php?threads/debunking-the-myth-that-a-lighter-diaphragm-enables-a-faster-speaker-driver.25910/An in depth discussion about mass in speakers
ForumGas Powered Antique TurntablePink fish mediarichardgFlame2021FullFebhttps://pinkfishmedia.net/forum/threads/gas-powered-antique-turntable.252033/The Flamephone on Antiques Road Show perhaps
ForumForum site with various massless speaker discussionsdiyAudio2023https://www.diyaudio.com/community/A great forum site with various massless speaker discussions
ForumListening to Plasma TweetersForum BleuJef ParisGlow2023http://www.forum-bleu.com/t1177p40-ecoute-de-tweeters-a-plasmaGood discussion including Ionophone and Plasmasonic
MagazineSinging FlameScientific AmericanMontenatFlame1877AprVol 3 No 671061https://archive.org/details/sim_scientific-american-supplement_1877-04-14_3_67/page/1060/mode/2up?q=singingA demo of the singing flame - metal tube with hot charcoal, Paris
MagazineMusic in FlameDaily MailArc1901JanJan 12http://duckduckgo.com/Music in Flame Daily Mail 1901Interview with Prof. Ayrton about Duddell speaking arc
MagazineMusic in FlamesOmeo Standard and Mining GazetteArc1901MarMar 154https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0002684/19010112/042/0002?browse=trueArticle based on Daily Mail article on Duddell speaking arc
MagazineMusic in Electric ArcsNew York TimesV.J.Y.Arc1901Apr287https://todayinsci.com/D/Duddell_William/DuddellWilliam-NYT1901.htmA public article on sound from arcs, Duddell
MagazineDr. Guthe Makes Arc Light Talk Or Sing At PleasureAnn Arbor ArgusDr. Karl E. GutheArc1902Dechttps://aadl.org/node/451758A report of Dr. Karl E. Guthe demo of the singing arc, speaking arc, talking arc
MagazineComplete Apparatus for Experiments with the Speaking Arc LampPhysical ApparatusMax Kohl A. G. ChemnitzMax KohlArc1911No. 50 Vol II and III1057-1058https://archive.org/details/pricelistno5023kohlrich/pricelistno5023kohlrich/DEBuild your own speaking or singing arc
MagazineA Speaking Incandescent LampScientific AmericanThermo1912Dec107527https://archive.org/details/sim_scientific-american_1912-12-21_107_25/page/n1/mode/2up?q=speaking+incandescentObservation that a lamp can make sound (thermal)
MagazineThe De Lange Thermal TelephoneThe Electrical ExperimenterThermo1915Mar202-204https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Electrical-Experimenter/EE-1915-03.pdfThermal wire amplified ACW2024 by diaphragm
MagazineThe How and Why of Radio ApparatusThe Electrical ExperimenterH. Winfield SecorThermo1918Jul212https://www.rsp-italy.it/Electronics/Magazines/Electrical%20Experimenter/_contents/Electrical%20Experimenter%201918%2007.pdfOn the De Lange thermal phone
MagazineThe FlamephoneThe Sound WaveAdvertFlame1922May307http://douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/COMMS/flamephone/Flamephone.jpgA gramophone that modulates a flame with air, massless?
MagazineAn Unique Instrument - The FlamephoneThe Talking Machine WorldScientific and Projections Ltd.W. Lionel SturdyFlame1922FullJun183-184https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Talking-Machine/20s/Talking-Machine-1922-06.pdf#search=%22flamephone%22The Flamephone purifies music as it plays
MagazineThe IonophoneWireless World1922Octxxxiiihttps://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Wireless-World/20s/Wireless-World-1922-10.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Early use of word Ionophone, but not one
MagazineThe Glow Discharge MicrophoneThe Wireless World and Radio ReviewWestinghouse Electric & Mfg Co.Phillips ThomasGlow1923MicMar834https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-UK/Technology/Technology-All-Eras/Archive-Wireless-World-IDX/20s/Wireless-World-1923-03-IDX-320.pdfEarliest glow discharge work with photo
MagazineThe Flame-PhoneThe GramophoneScientific and Projections Ltd.C.R.S.Flame1923FullOct89https://archive.org/details/gramophone-1923-10/page/n7/mode/2up?q=flamephoneA full review of the not quite massless Flamephone gramophone
MagazineWireless WavesCondenserCorona1923MicSephttps://www.newsshopper.co.uk/news/6348224.invention-to-improve-the-sound-of-music/On the kathodophone
MagazineListening in for Insect VoicesPopular SciencePhillips ThomasGlow1924MicApr36https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OioDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=%22westinghouse%22+%22phillips+thomas%22+%22loudspeaker%22&source=bl&ots=TIxlNOEoC7&sig=ACfU3U2yB8hVwTjT27HU4n8G1pdKuNrVVw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiBjP3I6ryDAxUcUkEAHVHIDZQ4ChDoAXoECAIQAw#v=onepage&q=%22westinghouse%22%20%22phillips%20thomas%22%20%22loudspeaker%22&f=falseSome extra detail on the glow discharge microphone
MagazineMicrophones Without DiaphragmsThe Wireless World and Radio ReviewPhillips Thomas, Vogt, Engl, MassolleCorona1924MicAug559-560https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-UK/Technology/Technology-All-Eras/Archive-Wireless-World-IDX/20s/Wireless-World-1924-08-S-OCR-OCR-Page-0031.pdfOn the kathodophone and glow discharge microphones, good pictures
MagazineAnnounce New Talking PicturesAmerican CinematographerG. PupikoferCorona1925MicAug18https://archive.org/details/american-cinematographer-1925-08-pdf/page/n17/mode/2upAbout what the Kathodophone was designed for
MagazineCellule thermoionique de grande puissance a atmosphere gazeuse et ions positifsL'Onde ElectriqueS. KleinGlow1946TweeterOct235367-373https://data.bnf.fr/fr/34348952/onde_electrique/Kleins first featured article on the Ionophone, also a microphone
MagazineWill the ionophone revolutionise loudspeaker techniquesDas ElektronWienGlow1951Tweeter310https://archive.org/details/technicalaspects0001unse/page/376/mode/2up?q=ionophone&view=theaterRef only
MagazineIonophone CircuitryRadio ElectronicsE. Aisberg, M. BonhommeGlow1951TweeterDec33https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Electronics/50s/1951/Radio-Electronics-1951-12.pdfEarly Ionophone article
MagazineL IonodyneToute La RadioM. BonhommeGlow1951TweeterNov160291https://www.radiomuseum.org/lf/b/toute-la-radio/Early Ionophone article ACWand
MagazineIonophoneRadio ElectronicsE. Aisberg, M. BonhommeGlow1951TweeterNov44-45https://archive.org/details/RadioElectronics195701/Radio%20Electronics/Radio-Electronics-1951-11/page/n41/mode/2up?q=ionophoneEarly Ionophone article key
MagazineFaithful ReproducerTimeGlow1951TweeterNov70-73https://archive.org/details/time-1951-06-18/Time%201951-11-19/page/70/mode/2up?q=ionophoneA nicely written early review of the Ionophone
MagazineLes bases physiques du haut-parleur et du microphone ioniquesLa TSF Pour TousS. KleinCorona1951MicOctNo.276340-342https://amurane.fr/anpere/revue/la-tsf-pour-tous.htmUse of the Ionophone as a microphone
MagazineIonophoneToute La RadioM. BonhommeGlow1951TweeterOct159251https://www.radiomuseum.org/lf/b/toute-la-radio/Early Ionophone article
MagazineIonophoneLa TSF Pour TousS. KleinGlow1951TweeterSep251278https://amurane.fr/anpere/revue/la-tsf-pour-tous.htmBetter article from Klein
MagazineM. Siegfried Klein l inventeur de l ionophone recoit le grand prix de l inventionLe MondeS. KleinGlow1952TweeterDechttps://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1952/12/31/m-siegfried-klein-l-inventeur-de-l-ionophone-recoit-le-grand-prix-de-l-invention-1952_2008245_1819218.htmlAn award winner
MagazineLoudspeaker Without DiaphragmWireless WorldF.L.D.Glow1952TweeterJan232https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Wireless-World/50s/Wireless-World-1952-01.pdfOn Klein ionophone
MagazineIonophone for Audio and UltrasonicsTele-techGlow1952TweeterJun49,86,88https://archive.org/details/sim_tele-tech_1952-06_11_6/page/48/mode/2up?q=ionophoneA good early overview of the Ionophone
MagazineThe IonophoneL'Onde ElectriqueS. KleinGlow1952TweeterJul304314-320https://data.bnf.fr/fr/34348952/onde_electrique/A common reference article, nice and in depth key
MagazineRadio BusinessRadio ElectronicsGlow1952TweeterMar18https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Electronics/50s/1952/Radio-Electronics-1952-03.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22The Institute of Inventive Research early Ionophone patent
MagazineThe Ion SpeakerFunkschauDr. W. BurckGlow1952TweeterMay10189https://www.worldradiohistory.com/INTERNATIONAL/Funkschau/1952/Funkschau-1952-10.pdfDEDescribing Kleins Ionophone without mentioning him Andre Dewald & Sohn AG
MagazineA New Speaker PrincipleSaturday Review of LiteratureEdgar VillchurGlow1952TweeterSepVol 3560-61https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Saturday_Review_of_Literature/HSMQAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22A+New+Speaker+Principle%22+by+Edgar+Villchur+google+books&pg=RA13-PA60&printsec=frontcoverEarly complete opinion article on the Ionophone, Audax first release info, key (original article)
MagazineThe reproduction of soundPhysics TodayEdgar VillchurGlow1952TweeterSep510-13https://pubs.aip.org/physicstoday/article-abstract/5/9/10/412962/The-reproduction-of-soundSound-reproduction-has?redirectedFrom=fulltextSimilar to first ACWI article
MagazineThe Ionophone is Making ProgressFunkschauAndre Dewald & Sohn AGGlow1952Mid/TweeterDec24483https://www.worldradiohistory.com/INTERNATIONAL/Funkschau/1952/Funkschau-1952-24%20(Original).pdf#search=%22ionophone%22DEAnother Ionophone by Andre Dewald & Sohn AG, demo at Swiss radio exhibition
MagazineQui na jamais entendu un haut-parleur ionique Audax 1952TSF et TVGlow1952TweeterPoss NovPoss No. 289http://duckduckgo.com/Qui na jamais entendu un haut-parleur ionique Audax 1952 TSF et TV 1952FRFirst review of Audax Ionophone
MagazineThe French PictureAudio EngineeringC.G.McProudGlow1953TweeterJunVol 37 Iss 640https://archive.org/details/sim_audio_1953-06_37_6/page/40/mode/2up?q=ionophoneA more negative review of the Ionophone
MagazineInteration dans l air de deux Ultra-sonsToute La RadioS. KleinGlow1953TweeterNov352-354https://www.radiomuseum.org/lf/b/toute-la-radio/Using two ionophones at ultrasound to create interference waves
MagazineWanted:- Inertialess SpeakersRadio ElectronicsHugo Gernsback1953Oct33https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Electronics/50s/1953/Radio-Electronics-1953-10.pdfOpinion piece key
MagazineSpace SoundRadio ElectronicsGlow1954TweeterAug69https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Electronics/50s/1954/Radio-Electronics-1954-08.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Klein Ionophone early operation details
MagazineThe Ionophone DemonstratedWireless WorldA. E. FalkusGlow1954TweeterJan34https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Wireless-World/50s/Wireless-World-1954-01-S-OCR.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22An early demo to the IEE
MagazineIndustry PeopleAudioPlesseyGlow1954TweeterJun63https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-Audio-IDX/IDX/50s/Audio-1954-Jun-OCR-Page-0063.pdfMention of Klein and introduction to America of Ionophone
MagazineGermany Tests IonophonPopular ElectronicsTelefunken Deutschland TFKGlow1955TweeterNov39https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Consumer/Archive-Poptronics-IDX/IDX/50s/55/Pop-1955-11-OCR-Page-0039.pdfKlein speaker clone but with different design
MagazineMassless Loudspeaker Developed by TelefunkenTele-Tech and Electronic IndustriesGlow1955TweeterNov18https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Tele-Tech/50s/Tele-Tech-1955-11.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Massless Ionophone
MagazineDevelopments in Sound Reproduction - New EquipmentWireless WorldPlesseyGlow1956TweeterJul335https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-Sponsor-Magazine-IDX/IDX/50-54/1952/Wireless-World-1956-07-OCR-Page-0035.pdfPlessey Ionophone ACWprefer
MagazineLondon Letter - Britains First Audio ShowAudioPlesseyRichard ArbibGlow1956TweeterJun2-6https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-Audio-IDX/IDX/50s/Audio-1956-Jun-OCR-Page-0006.pdfDemo of Plessey Ionophone with pic (page 4 and 6 of article)
MagazineMarch MeetingsWireless WorldD. TombsCorona1956FullMar147http://duckduckgo.com/March Meetings Wireless World D. Tombs 195622nd Physical Society symposium on Loudspeakers Dr. D.M. Tombs at 3.0 at the Royal Institute of British Architects
MagazineThe Corona LoudspeakerRadio and Television NewsTelevex Co.G. ShirleyCorona1956FullOct57,124,127https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-News/50s/Radio-News-1956-10-R.pdfOn Dr. D.M. Tombs corona key
MagazineIonovac Super-Sonic SpeakerElectronic IndustriesGlow1957TweeterApr77,151https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Tele-Tech/50s/Electronic-Industries-1957-04.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22The improvements of Ionovac over Ionophone
MagazineSanity FairHigh Fidelity MagazinePlesseyGlow1957TweeterJul84https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-High-Fidelity-IDX/IDX/50s/High-Fidelity-1957-Jul-IDX-0078.pdfThe super tweeter to end all super-tweeters
MagazineLoudspeakers of the FutureRadio ElectronicsTelevex Co.G. ShirleyCorona1957FullNov44-46https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Electronics/50s/1957/Radio-Electronics-1957-11.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22On Dr. D.M. Tombs corona and Ionophone key
MagazineAll About AudioRadio NewsGlow1957TweeterOct106https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-News/50s/Radio-News-1957-10-R.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22There can be little doubt that a really perfect loudspeaker would be massless.
MagazineApplications of Corona EffectsElectronicsD. Tombs, E.J. Chatterton, K. GalpinCorona1957FullJul30198https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Electronics/50s/Electronics-1957-07.pdfA decent extra article from Tombs key
MagazineAudio Fair GuideHi-Fi NewsPlesseyGlow1957Tweeter464https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Hi-Fi-News-UK/IDX/Hi-Fi-News-1957-04-IDX-60.pdfHi-Fi News Audio Fair exhibitors with Plessey Ionophone
MagazineIonophone articleRadio und FernsehenCorona1958May7296-298http://duckduckgo.com/Ionophone article Radio und Fernsehen 1958Another general Ionophone article ACWyou
MagazineALTOPARLANTI DEL FUTUROAlta FedeltaGerald ShirleyCorona1958May138-139https://ia801005.us.archive.org/17/items/Alta_Fedelta_1958_05/Alta_Fedelta_1958_05_text.pdfITItalian version of Gerald Shirley s corona wind article
MagazineIonized Air Cloud for Super Hi-FiRadio-TV ExperimenterJerry SkellyGlow1958Tweeter551134-136https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-TV-Experimenter/Radio-TV-Experimenter-1958-551.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22From Ionophone to Ionovac with detail
MagazineBekommt der klassische Membranlautsprecher einen Nachfolger?Radio und FernsehenCorona1958FullSep296-298https://ia800508.us.archive.org/25/items/radio-und-fernsehen-1958-09/Radio%20und%20Fernsehen_1958_09_text.pdfA full detailed article on Tombs Corona Wind loudpseaker
MagazineIonovac Speaker: Still a Brilliant FailureConsumer Reports magazineGlow1959TweeterMay220https://archive.org/details/sim_consumer-reports_1959_24_index/page/30/mode/2up?q=ionovacDecent opinion piece key
MagazineSound Producing Unit with IonophoneRadio (Russia)E. Plotkin, B. Karateev ,V. PrutzGlow1959Tweeter1218http://duckduckgo.com/Sound Producing Unit with Ionophone Radio (Russia) E. Plotkin, B. Karateev ,V. Prutz 1959Good article based on Ionophone but Russian
MagazineDischarge Loudspeaker Kills MiceThe New Scientist1960Jan100http://duckduckgo.com/Discharge Loudspeaker Kills Mice The New Scientist 1960Its not a great title
MagazineThe Driverless Tweeter from ParisHigh FidelityNorman EisenbergGlow1961TweeterJan46https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-High-Fidelity-IDX/IDX/60s/High-Fidelity-1961-Jan-IDX-48.pdfA mention of the Ionovac on show
MagazineDuKane Ionovac Speaker ReviewHigh FidelityGlow1961TweeterMar50https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-High-Fidelity-IDX/IDX/60s/High-Fidelity-1961-Mar-a-IDX-52.pdfFirst review of the Ionovac key
MagazineIntroducing the IonovacPopular ElectronicsDukaneGlow1961TweeterMayCover, 56https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Consumer/Archive-Poptronics-IDX/IDX/60s/61/Pop-1961-05-OCR-Page-0058.pdfMore Ionovac review
MagazineLo IonovacRadioramaGlow1962TweeterJan42-44https://archive.org/details/Radiorama_1962_01/page/n41/mode/2up?q=altoparlanteIonovac review
MagazineUnderstanding Radio The Electrostatic...IonophoneRadio ConstructorW.G.MorleyGlow1964TweeterNov241https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Radio-Constructor/60s/RC-1964-11.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Bad description of Ionophone function
MagazineThe IonophonePractical WirelessA. E. FalkusGlow1965TweeterApr1141-1143, 1194https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-UK/Technology/Technology-All-Eras/Archive-Practical-Wireless-IDX/IDX/60s/PW-1965-04-IDX-31.pdfArticle much later ACWdidnt from the man who first demonstrated the Ionophone to the IEE
MagazineInternational Audio Festival and FairWireless WorldGlow1965TweeterJun291-292https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Wireless-World/60s/Wireless-World-1965-06.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Comparison of Ionophone, Ionofane and Ionovac and schematic
MagazineHow the Ionophone works Hi-Fi NewsGlow1965TweeterMayhttp://duckduckgo.com/How the Ionophone works Hi-Fi News 1965Good Ionophone description key
MagazineIonoFane 601 Ionic Treble Unit & 603 Loudspeaker Hi-Fi NewsGlow1966TweeterAprhttp://duckduckgo.com/IonoFane 601 Ionic Treble Unit & 603 Loudspeaker Hi-Fi News 1966Ionofane Review
MagazineFane ionoFane Model 603 LoudspeakerThe GramophoneGlow1966TweeterMayhttp://duckduckgo.com/Fane ionoFane Model 603 Loudspeaker The Gramophone 1966Ionofane Review
MagazineWhatever Happened to those Revolutionary Loudspeaker Designs?Stereo ReviewGeorge L. Augspurger1967Aug49https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-Stereo-Review-IDX/IDX/60s/HiFi-Stereo-Review-1967-08-OCR-Page-0047.pdfOpinion piece key
MagazineAudio Etc. - Ion TweeterAudioEdward Tatnall CanbyGlow1967TweeterSep16-21https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Audio/Archive-Audio/60s/Audio-1967-09.pdfVery full review of the Ionofane
MagazineFlame Amplification and a better HiFi LoudspeakerPopular ElectronicsJames JosephFlame1968May47-53https://massless.info/images/Popular%20Electronics%20May%201968%2031401532-Flame-Amplification.pdfDr. A. G. Cattaneo
MagazineStereo Scene part twoPopular ElectronicsJ. Gordon HoltGlow,Corona1970Oct97-97https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Poptronics/70s/1970/Poptronics-1970-10.pdfA nice rare entry on corona wind speakers and Ionophones
MagazineGRAMThe Catgut Acoustical Society NewsletterGlow1972Nov5https://pearl-hifi.com/06_Lit_Archive/02_PEARL_Arch/Vol_16/Sec_53/Catgut_Acoustical_Society/1972_18_Nov.pdfThe STL Ionophone being of practical use by GRAM
MagazineImproving the High-End Sound of Your Loudspeaker SystemBoston Audio SocietyRobert GrahamGlow1976Jan29-35https://bostonaudiosociety.org/pdf/bass/BASS-04-04-7601.pdfA large article about upgrading with an Ionofane (Ionovac)
MagazineThe Force Field Loud-speakerAudio ForumElectro ResearchJohn IversonCorona1977FullIssue 1http://duckduckgo.com/The Force Field Loud-speaker Audio Forum John Iverson 1977Some refs say Electra Research which is wrong
MagazineLe tweeter ionique RealonAudiophileOnkyoJean HiragaGlow1978TweeterAprNo.49-17http://retronik.silicium.org/DOCUMENTS/revues/audiophile/1978/LAUp4_Avril_1978.pdfInfo on the Onkyo Realon speaker, Ionophone based key
MagazineTumour Eradication by RFWireless WorldJ. A. CarderGlow1978TweeterFeb53https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Wireless-World/70s/Wireless-World-1978-02.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Anecdote from a developer of Plessey Ionophone
MagazineAmerican AudioWireless WorldJack Dinsdale and George TillettGlow1978TweeterOct85,86https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Wireless-World/70s/Wireless-World-1978-10.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Hill Plasmatronics at ACWjust 1978 CES
MagazineHill Plasmatronics LoudspeakerInternational Audio ReviewJ. Peter MoncrieffGlow1978Mid/Tweeter3130-135https://groups.google.com/g/hill-plasmatronics/c/lB7WTCRFG58A decent Hill Plasmatronics review
MagazineTest Phonogen Lautsprecher 1AAudio (but not Audio)Glow1979TweeterJan120https://www.springair.de/de/audio-1/1979-zeitschrift/l4804Review of Phonogen (with ion tweeter)
MagazineConeless Speaker uses plasma driver (the Hill Plasmatronics)Popular ScienceJohn FreeGlow1979Mid/TweeterJunhttp://duckduckgo.com/Coneless Speaker uses plasma driver (the Hill Plasmatronics) Popular Science John Free 1979Another Hill Plasmatronics review
MagazineHill Plasmatronics Type 1 loudspeakerStereophileJ. Gordon HoltGlow1980Mid/TweeterAprhttps://www.stereophile.com/content/hill-plasmatronics-type-1-loudspeakerStereophile web version of 1980 Plasmatronics article key
MagazineAlternative Speaker TechnologiesAudioGary Stock1980Aug6432-37https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-Audio-IDX/IDX/80s/Audio-1980-08-OCR-Page-0034.pdfOpinion piece
MagazineKlein aber ohoStereoplayGerald O. DickGlow1980TweeterSep30-32https://archive.org/details/stereoplay-1980-heft-9/page/30/mode/2upDEGerman article on Klein’s Magnat release
MagazineLe tweeter absolut? Le transducteur ionique Klein-MagnatL'AudiophileGerard ChretienGlow1980TweeterDec7-13https://retronik.silicium.org/DOCUMENTS/revues/audiophile/1980/LAUp18_D%C3%A9cembre_1980.pdfA late Ionophone article
MagazineThe Plasmatronics speaker systemThe Absolute SoundGlow1980Mid/TweeterSep5,No19276http://duckduckgo.com/The Plasmatronics speaker system The Absolute Sound 1980Plasmatronics review
MagazineIt was the perfect high end productWall Street JournalNelson Pass1980Fronthttp://duckduckgo.com/It was the perfect high end product Wall Street Journal Nelson Pass 1980Public news on Nelson Pass Ion Cloud
MagazineThe Ionic ManStereophileCorona1980Full6,No. 1Cover, 2,https://massless.info/DontBreathe.htmlNelson Pass key
MagazineHigh Fidelity NewsHigh FidelityPeter DobbinGlow1981TweeterAug13https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Audio/Archive-High-Fidelity/80s/High-Fidelity-1981-08.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22The Magnat was sold in America by Dahlquist
MagazineReport MagnatStereoplayGlow1981TweeterAug30https://i0.wp.com/magnathifimuseum.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/mp-101.jpg?w=4000&h=&ssl=1Review of Magnat MP-01 tweeter
MagazinePlasmalautsprecher - Wandlersystem der Zukunft?HiFi ExclusivGlow1981Novhttp://www.hifimuseum.de/uploads/pics/Hifi-Exclusiv-1981-11-cover.jpgDigiplasma IML tweeter ACWcopy key
MagazineMasterplay-Preis fur REVOX BTIOStuder Revox PrintMarcel SiegenthalerGlow1981TweeterNovhttps://hififreak.hpage.com/get_file.php?id=18166214&vnr=460188Swiss HiFi Prominence November 23rd in Zircher Nova Park the awards hung the Swiss HiFi Prize IML digiplasma tweeter
MagazineDie FeuertaufeStereoplayJoachim ReinertGlow1981TweeterNov5,60-62,64https://archive.org/details/stereoplay-1981-heft-11/mode/2up?q=digiplasmaIML Digiplasma review
MagazineDas Gas-feuerzeugStereoplayGerald O. DickGlow1981TweeterNov116-124https://archive.org/details/stereoplay-1981-heft-11/page/4/mode/2up?q=plasmatronicsPlasmatronics Hill Type-1 Review, large
MagazineDas Mas aller DingeStereoplayJoachim ReinertGlow1982TweeterMar52-54https://archive.org/details/stereoplay-1982-heft-3/page/52/mode/2up?q=digiplasmaIML Digiplasma on show
MagazineLAS VEGAS: A glimpse of the future at the Consumer Electronics ShowElectronics AustraliaGeorge TillettGlow1982Apr28,32https://www.worldradiohistory.com/AUSTRALIA/Electronics-Australia/EA-1982-04.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Magnat and Hill Plasmatronics at CES
MagazineUn haut-parleur large bande a plasma froidLa Nouvelle Revue Du SonHenri BondarCorona1982FullJun/Jul5973-80http://jmb15.free.fr/revue-du-son30.htmPlasmasonic info key
MagazineLautsprecher Transpuls MP-X-101HiFi StereophonieGlow1982TweeterJul772-777https://magnathifimuseum.wordpress.com/2016/10/19/plasma-mpx-101-stereo-phono/Review of Magnat Transpuls MP-X-101
MagazineTest (Magnat MPX-101)Hi-Fi Video TestGlow1982TweeterNov29-30https://magnathifimuseum.wordpress.com/2018/02/08/magnat-mpx-101/Review of the Magnat MPX-101
MagazineMagnat Transpulsar MPX-088HiFi StereoGlow1983TweeterApr58https://magnathifimuseum.wordpress.com/2017/05/01/transpuls-mpx-088/Review of Transpuls MPX-088
MagazineEn Savoir Plus Sur Le Transducteur a PlasmaLED MagazinePierre le FurGlow1983TweeterNo 818-22https://www.worldradiohistory.com/INTERNATIONAL/LED%20Magazine/LED-1983-05.pdfA detailed review of the Magnat
MagazineIon AgeHi-Fi AnswersJimmy HughesGlow1984TweeterJulCover, https://groups.google.com/g/rec.audio/c/rG6Aqf68kSEMagnat Front Cover, Text from article in thread, Full article next month editor Keith Howard
MagazineIon BruHi-Fi AnswersKeith HowardGlow1984TweeterAug61-63https://massless.info/images/1984_Hi-Fi_Answers_Aug_1984.pdfFull Magnat MP-02, MP-X-088, article from the editor
MagazineLe premier casque a transducteurs a plasma froidLa Nouvelle Revue Du SonHenri BondarCorona1984FullMar76100http://www.forum-bleu.com/t1177p40-ecoute-de-tweeters-a-plasmaPlasmasonic info key
MagazineLow Inertia LoudspeakersHi-Fi NewsStanley Kelly1985Jan55-57http://duckduckgo.com/Low Inertia Loudspeakers Hi-Fi News Stanley Kelly 1985Technology overview key
MagazineAu casque Plasmasonic Audio ReferenceLa Nouvelle Revue Du SonHenri BondarCorona1985FullJan8414-17http://www.forum-bleu.com/t1177p40-ecoute-de-tweeters-a-plasmaFull review of the Plasmasonic headphones
MagazineMagnat MP X 066La Nouvelle Revue Du SonSiegfried KleinGlow1985TweeterJan8448-51http://jmb15.free.fr/revue-du-son33.htmReview of Magnat MP-X-066 with MP-02 plasma tweeter
MagazineThe Search for the Perfect SpeakerStereo ReviewDaniel SweenyGlow1985Sep194https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Audio/Archive-HiFI-Stereo/80s/HiFi-Stereo-Review-1985-09.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Interview with Klein Magnat and Hill Plasmatronics, also ref to American Audio Components Inc.
MagazineMagnat Speaker TechnologyStereo ReviewGlow1987TweeterSep97https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Archive-Stereo-Review-IDX/IDX/80s/HiFi-Stereo-Review-1987-09-OCR-Page-0099.pdfAdvert for Magnat with history, Plasma tweeter 1979
MagazineLe Haut-Parleur, meconnuScience & VieHenri-Pierre PenelCorona1987Full64-68http://duckduckgo.com/Le Haut-Parleur, meconnu Science & Vie Henri-Pierre Penel 1987Alain Deraedt and ACWit Pascal Freulon key
MagazineOther Types of LoudspeakerElectronics AustraliaNeville WilliamsGlow1989Jun107-108https://www.worldradiohistory.com/AUSTRALIA/Electronics-Australia/EA-1989-06.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Some Ionophone background
MagazineLes Haut-Parleurs IoniquesAudiophileAlain DeraedtCorona19902285-88http://6bm8.lab.free.fr/Documentations/Revues/Audiophile/1988-1995/22/ionique.htmlGreat corona wind detail key
MagazineLes Haut-Parleurs Ioniques IIAudiophileAlain DeraedtCorona1990239http://6bm8.lab.free.fr/Documentations/Revues/Audiophile/1988-1995/23/ionique.htmlGreat corona wind detail key
MagazineLes Haut-Parleurs Ioniques (suite et fin)AudiophileAlain DeraedtCorona19902415-18http://6bm8.lab.free.fr/Documentations/Revues/Audiophile/1988-1995/24/ionique.htmlGreat corona wind detail key
MagazineNelson Pass Simple Sounds BetterStereophileThomas J. NortonCorona1991Fullhttps://www.stereophile.com/interviews/1191pass/index.htmlMore detail on the Ion Cloud corona loudspeaker
MagazineThe Strange Life and Bizarre Disappearance of John IversonThe Absolute SoundRobert F. SabinCorona1994Jun/Jul96https://groups.google.com/g/rec.audio.high-end/c/EU4SbMJnXv0Some good John Iverson background
MagazineTechnology Hot throat makes a safer soundNew ScientistCredo Audio AGBarry FoxGlow1996Tweeterhttps://www.newscientist.com/article/mg15120483-200-technology-hot-throat-makes-a-safer-sound/?ignored=irrelevantArticle on the Credo tweeter key
MagazineIonic LoudspeakersGramophoneKeith Howard1997Jan133-136http://duckduckgo.com/Ionic Loudspeakers Gramophone Keith Howard 1997Good overview and history key
MagazinePlasma Speaker RevivedHi-Fi NewsBarry Fox1997Jan17http://duckduckgo.com/Plasma Speaker Revived Hi-Fi News Barry Fox 1997A hopeful review key
MagazineComfort like a larger room CSE A-3000 negative ion tweeterRadio TechnologyKazumasa TakahashiCoronaish1999TweeterOct5392-93https://jglobal-jst-go-jp.translate.goog/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=200902182142337030&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wappCSE A-3000 - not really an ion tweeter, AMT tweeter with ioniser
MagazineSpund ScopeStereo SoundOkihiko KannoCoronaish1999Tweeter131https://audiosharing-com.translate.goog/review/?cat=5105&_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wappCSE A-3000 - not really an ion tweeter, AMT tweeter with ioniser
MagazineThe why and the how of supertweetersHi-Fi NewsKeith HowardGlow2000Tweeterhttps://www.audio-focus.com/townshend/informations-techniques/Brief info on IML Digiplasma - upper response to 40kHz
MagazineBuild a Plasma TweeterAudioXpressColin JoyeGlow2003TweeterApr34 Iss 4https://www.hificollective.co.uk/magazines/audioxpress_apr03.htmlPaper version of Colin s Project
MagazineCare and Maintenance of DuKane Ionovac TweetersD. SchooGlow2003TweeterDechttp://duckduckgo.com/Care and Maintenance of DuKane Ionovac Tweeters D. Schoo 2003Oct 2002 original
MagazineDukane Ionovac The History of a Brilliant FailureD. SchooGlow2004TweeterMarhttp://duckduckgo.com/Dukane Ionovac The History of a Brilliant Failure D. Schoo 2004History of Ionophone key
MagazinePlasma Tweeter Elettronica FlashDiego BaroneGlow2004TweeterOct29-34https://www.worldradiohistory.com/INTERNATIONAL/Elettronica-Flash-IT/Elettronica-Flash-2004-10.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Project and history of Ionophone
MagazineMacrosonic Plasma ReactorSUPA NewsHugh Potts, Declan DiverGlow2007Nov7https://web.archive.org/web/20240712025721/https://www.supa.ac.uk/news/SUPA_newsletter/SUPA_Newsletter_4.pdfSound this loud could suspend a person in the air
MagazineHistorically Speaking (Part 3)Hi-Fi WorldAdam SmithGlow2008TweeterMarhttps://hi-fiworld.co.uk/index.php/loudspeakers/66-knowledge/154-historically-speaking-the-final-part.htmlSome good history, Ionovac, Ionofane, B&W P2 (Sony) Pic, Plasmatronic
MagazinePlasma, a New Tweeter Technology Lansche Audio No.8SoftpediaLansche AudioFlorin TibuGlow2008TweeterAprhttps://news.softpedia.com/news/Plasma-a-New-Tweeter-Technology-Lansche-Audio-No-8-82971.shtmlLansche Audio - It's new all over again (2008) key
MagazineDas Licht am Ende des TunnelsHifitestLansche AudioGlow2011Tweeterhttps://www.hifitest.de/test/lautsprecher-stereo/lansche-audio-cubus-5069Lansche Audio Cubus Review 2011 Hifitest.de
MagazineThe ProfessionalsHi-Fi WorldHaden BoardmanGlow2011TweeterMay70-73https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Hi-Fi-World/2011/Hi-Fi-World-2011-05.pdfReview of the B&W P2H with Fane Ionofane tweeter
MagazineLansche Audio 5.1 LoudspeakerStereophileLansche AudioJohn AtkinsonGlow2012TweeterJulhttps://www.stereophile.com/content/lansche-audio-51-loudspeakerLansche Audio 5.1 Review
MagazineEr leuchtet (Lansche No. 3.1)StereoplayHolger BiermannGlow2014TweeterJan58-61http://duckduckgo.com/Er leuchtet (Lansche No. 3.1) Stereoplay Holger Biermann 2014
MagazineThe DuKane Ionovac SpeakerAntique Radio ClassifiedD. SchooGlow2014TweeterJan134-40https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Early-Radio/Archive-Antique-Radio-IDX/IDX/00s/2014-Spring-OCR-Page-0036.pdfGood background article key
MagazineBack to the Ion ageHi-Fi NewsKeith Howard2017Aug24-29http://duckduckgo.com/Back to the Ion age Hi-Fi News Keith Howard 2017Good history, some information based on this website key
MagazineLaunch of Sonarc a labour of loveThe Irish TimesOlive KeoghGlow2017FullJunhttps://www.irishtimes.com/business/innovation/launch-of-sonarc-a-labour-of-love-1.3131089Sonarc Plasma Speaker background article
Magazine60th Anniversary Edition Product Catalogue 2018FaneGlow20183https://www.fane-international.com/downloads/FaneCatalogue2018-040518-Web.pdfMention of the Ionofane from the manufacturer
MagazineAt 50 years old plus, you wouldn t really expect them to be cutting edgeHi-Fi WorldBowers & Wilkins, B&WDave TuttGlow2019TweeterMayhttps://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Hi-Fi-World-UK/IDX/Hi-Fi-World-2019-05-IDX-73.pdfNearly a B&W P2H review - but with the tweeters replaced
MagazineThe Von Schweikert Research VR-4 LoudspeakersPositive FeedbackCalifornia Institute of TechnologyStu McCreary, Albert Von SchweikertGlow2020TweeterMayIss 109https://positive-feedback.com/nos/von-schweikert-research-vr-4-loudspeakers/USA plasma speaker Albert termed The Forcefield was built, which used high voltage to break air down into ozone that was then modulated by the signal to produce sound.
MagazineUFOs, Plasma Lasers, And The Pentagon s Voice Of God WeaponForbesDavid HamblingLaser2021Julhttps://www.forbes.com/sites/davidhambling/2021/07/06/ufos-plasma-lasers-and-the-pentagons-voice-of-god-weapon/More details about laser plasma including creating the plasma in air with two lasers
PaperLetter from Dr. Higgins (hydrogen flame sound)Journal of natural philosophy, chemistry and the artsWilliam Nicholson18021130https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iAgAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR2&lpg=PR2&dq=%22Letter+from+Dr.+Higgins%22+%22William+Nicholson%22+%221802%22&source=bl&ots=Nq98RWOVV1&sig=ACfU3U3v2QIgHwngCSUGwOFqwU--IsICwg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjDruq_sMOBAxVLTEEAHdK8CakQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&q=%22Letter%20from%20Dr.%20Higgins&f=falseUKOn the 1777 discovery by Higgins
PaperOn acoustic oscillations of the air in heated glass tubes and in closed pipes of non-uniform widthAnnalen der Physik und ChemieKarl SondhaussAir1850791-34http://duckduckgo.com/On acoustic oscillations of the air in heated glass tubes and in closed pipes of non-uniform width Annalen der Physik und Chemie Karl Sondhauss 1850What it says
PaperOn the Influence of Musical Sounds on the Flame of a Jet of Coal GasAmerican Journal of ScienceJohn LeconteFlame1858Jan2nd Series 2362-67https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786445808642470Flame sounds
PaperOn the vibration of the air in a tube open at both endsPhilosophical MagazinePieter L. RijkeAir1859Apr17419-422http://duckduckgo.com/On the vibration of the air in a tube open at both ends Philosophical Magazine Pieter L. Rijke 1859More flame sounds
PaperThe PyrophonePopular Science MonthlyM. DunantFlame18757447https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_7/August_1875/The_PyrophoneGiving flame sounds a name
PaperOn Some Thermal Effects of Electric CurrentsRoyal SocietyWilliam Henry PreeceThermo1880May408-411https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspl.1879.0139Early thermal wire work
PaperOn the Conversion of Radiant Energy into Sonorous VibrationsRoyal SocietyWilliam Henry PreeceThermo1881Feb506-520https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspl.1880.0071Early thermal wire work
PaperFrederick Kastner ObituaryNatureFlame1882Jul26304https://www.nature.com/articles/026304a0Obit with Pyrophone info
PaperAkustische Erscheinungen am electrischen FlammenbogenAnn. PhysikHermann Theodor SimonArc1898Vol 300, No 2233-242https://zenodo.org/record/1821567/files/article.pdfElectric flames, the transmission of sound using arcs
PaperThe Reason for the Hissing of the Electric ArcNatureHertha AyrtonArc1899JulNo.1552, Vol 60302-305https://www.nature.com/articles/060302a0Proper investigative physics key
PaperThe hissing of the electric arcJournal of the IEEHertha AyrtonArc1899JunVol 28, Iss 120https://web.archive.org/web/20201129220450/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5309179The most scientific detailed study of arc noise key
PaperSome Experiments on the Direct-Current ArcNatureWilliam DuddellArc1900DecVol. 63, no. 1625182-183https://www.nature.com/articles/063182a0Details of the singing arc, cored carbon arc has no music in its soul key
PaperOn Rapid Variations in the Current through the Direct-Current ArcIEEWilliam DuddellArc1900DecVol 30, iss 148232-283https://soundandscience.de/text/rapid-variations-current-through-direct-current-arcAlso in The Electrician 46 269-273 key
PaperMusical ArcsNatureWilliam DuddellArc1901Vol 63542-543https://www.nature.com/articles/063542a0.pdfGood detail of early discussions with Ayrton, Bradfield, Lockyer
PaperSinging ArcLondon ElectricianWilliam DuddellArc1901Vol 46, no 17269, 310Article by Duddell on his arc
PaperThe ArcophonePittsburg AIEER.A.L. SnyderArc1903Feb93-95https://scholar.archive.org/work/6qi6kch3mbbariu4vxysgaye6yA good summary of the singing arc, speaking arc, whistling arc
PaperSur les phenomenes de l arc chantantEclairage ElectriqueBlondel, AndreArc1905Vol 4441-58 and 81-104http://duckduckgo.com/Sur les phenomenes de l arc chantant Eclairage Electrique Blondel, Andre 1905Just ref, see 1906 link
PaperSur les phenomenes de l arc chantantJournal of PhysicsBlondel, AndreArc1906Feb77-97https://jphystap.journaldephysique.org/articles/jphystap/abs/1906/01/jphystap_1906__5__77_0/jphystap_1906__5__77_0.htmlNice early details based on Duddell s work
PaperSpeaking Incandescent LampPhysikalische Zeitschrift,K. Ort And J. RidgerArc1912https://ia800905.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/15/items/academictorrents_70ecab072b2792c9239ab8197d3f52cc1d075be1/10.1016%252Fs0016-0032%252813%252990394-x.zip&file=10.1016%252Fs0016-0032%252813%252991207-2.pdfSound from lamp filament, inside a bulb though
PaperOn ThermophonesRoyal SocietyPeter De LangeThermo1915239https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspa.1915.0015Wire without a diaphragm
PaperThe thermophone as a precision source of soundPhysics ReviewH.D.Arnold, I.B.CrandallThermo191710, iss 2222-28https://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRev.10.22/fulltextStrip rather than wire
PaperDemonstration of the FlamephoneProceedings of the physical society of londonH.W.HeathFlame1922FullJan195https://archive.org/details/paper-doi-10_1088_1478-7814_35_1_324/page/n1/mode/2upA short description of a Flamephone
PaperA diaphragmless microphone for radio broadcastingJournal of the AIEEWestinghouse Electric & Mfg Co.Phillips ThomasGlow1923MicMar219-221https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-AIEE-IDX/IDX/Journal-Of-The-AIEE-1923-03-OCR-Page-0019.pdfEarliest glow discharge work
PaperSymposium on the Loud Speaker ProblemProceedings of the physical society of londonChester Rice, Edward Kellogg1924Feb, MarVol 36Parts 2, 3http://duckduckgo.com/Symposium on the Loud Speaker Problem Proceedings of the physical society of london Chester Rice, Edward Kellogg 1924General discussion on types of loudspeaker
PaperNotes on the Development of a New Type of Hornless Loud SpeakerJournal AIEEGeneral ElectricChester Rice, Edward KelloggArc, Corona1925Sep982-991https://www.one-electron.com/Archives/Audio/AudioJournals/Rice%20&%20Kellogg%201925%20Notes%20on%20the%20Development%20of%20a%20New%20Type%20of%20Hornless%20Loud%20Speaker.pdfUSThe testing of a talking arc (and thermophone), some say at Bell Labs but this doc
PaperContribution a la theorie de l arc chantant musicalComptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l Academie des sciencesBlondel, AndreArc1926AprVol 82900-903https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00407-012-0101-1Good page for Andre Blondel references
PaperCellule thermoionique de grande puissance a atmosphere gazeuseComptes RendusS. KleinCorona1946Jan1282-1284http://duckduckgo.com/Cellule thermoionique de grande puissance a atmosphere gazeuse Comptes Rendus S. Klein 1946Kleins first paper on the Ionophone key
PaperAugmentation du rendement de la cellule thermoionique a grande puissance par superpositionComptes RendusS. KleinCorona1951Jul143-145https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03016854Two ionic ultrasound sources
PaperIonic LoudspeakersIRE Transactions on AudioJ. C. AxtellGlow1952TweeterJulAU821-27http://duckduckgo.com/Ionic Loudspeakers IRE Transactions on Audio J. C. Axtell 1952On Klein ionophone
PaperUn nouveaux transducteur electroacoustique l ionophoneProc. of First I.C.A. CongressS. KleinGlow1953Tweeterhttps://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/British-Institution-of-Radio-Engineers/1956/BIRE-1956-12.pdfLink refers to it. Proc. of First I.C.A. Congress electroacoustics., W. D. Meinema, Delft
PaperThe Klein-Plessey Ionophone loudspeakerBBC R&DJ.R. ChewGlow1954Jan-13https://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/publications/rdreport_1954_13A very detailed doc on the BBCs appraisal of the Ionophone key
PaperUn nouveau transducteur electroacoustique l ionophone Acta AcusticaS. KleinGlow1954TweeterVol 4, No 177-79https://dael.euracoustics.org/FRA description of a new French loudspeaker Societe Audax - also in Proceedings of the First ICA-Congress Electro-Acoustics
PaperHistory of Sound Motion PicturesJournal of the SMPTEGeneral ElectricEdward w. KelloggCorona, Arc1955JunVol 64294https://www.aes.org/aeshc/docs/smpte/movie.sound/kellogg-history1.pdfUSFootnote about Kellogg and Rice with arcs, thermophones and corona discharge devices 1925
PaperCorona Wind LoudspeakersNatureD. TombsCorona1955Full176923https://www.nature.com/articles/176923a0The first doc on the corona wind loudspeaker key
PaperCorona-Type LoudspeakerJASAA. Anthony, F. OdaGlow1955Tweeter271005https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article/27/5_Supplement/1005/747258/Corona-Type-LoudspeakerUse multiple ionophones to deafen rats
PaperThe Corona Wind LoudspeakerJAESTelevex Co.G. ShirleyCorona1957Full523-31https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=284On Dr. D.M. Tombs corona key
PaperElectroacoustics and TransducersJASAF. V. Hunt1958May30, No.5375-377https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article-abstract/30/5/375/645897/Electroacoustics-and-Transducers?redirectedFrom=fulltextA chart of acoustical ignorance, includes ionophone and corona wind
PaperDescription of a corona-type loudspeaker used in bioacoustic researchExperientiaE. Ackerman, A. Anthony, F. OdaCorona1958FullOct14, Iss 10384-386http://duckduckgo.com/Description of a corona-type loudspeaker used in bioacoustic research Experientia E. Ackerman, A. Anthony, F. Oda 1958Experimenting on animals with corona wind
PaperOzone production by a corona-type loudspeaker and its toxic effects in mice ExperientiaA. Anthony, S. Babcock, F. OdaCorona1959Dec15, Iss 12481-482https://europepmc.org/article/MED/13793804A classic corona wind experiment
PaperCorona -Type Loudspeaker for Animal StudiesJASAEugene Ackerman, Adam Anthony, Fujio Oda Corona196133https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article-abstract/33/12/1708/598105/Corona-Type-Loudspeaker-for-Animal-Studies?redirectedFrom=fulltextAn application for an ion or corona speaker key
PaperA History of the Electric WindAmerican Journal of PhysicsMyron Robinson1962Vol 30https://sci-hub.se/10.1119/1.1942021A great general overview
PaperLandau Damping of Ion Acoustic Waves in Highly Ionized PlasmasAmerican Physical SocietyA.Y. Wong, R.W. Motley, N.D. Dangelo1964Jan133436-443https://annas-archive.org/scidb/10.1103/PhysRev.133.A436?scidb_verified=1Ions and electrons in a plasma move in phase
PaperExploratory Study Of The IonophoneMIT BScBruce Lowell Chrisman And George Moore IrwinGlow1964Jun366-372https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/97308/33982250-MIT.pdf?sequence=1Essentially a detailed DIY ionophone tested in Helium (as per Plasmatronics) Argon
PaperModulated Combustion (Dragon) LoudspeakerJASAJames ArnoldFlame196538https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article-abstract/38/3/416/646799/Modulated-Combustion-Dragon-Loudspeaker?redirectedFrom=fulltextA newer version of the Flamephone
PaperThe STL-Ionophone sound sourceSTL-QPSRFransson, F.Glow19656,No. 1No 2, page 27-30https://web.archive.org/web/20220307214047/https://www.speech.kth.se/prod/publications/files/qpsr/1965/1965_6_2_027-030.pdfAn Ionophone that was put to use key
PaperAcoustic Wave Generation and Amplification in a PlasmaAPSUno IngardGlow1966May145, 41https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.145.41Detailed look at plasma acoustics
PaperMusical FlamesNatureW. R. Babcock, K. L. Baker & A. G. Cattaneo Flame1967Nov216676-678https://www.nature.com/articles/216676b0Flame modulated by a diaphragm, not truly massless
PaperScientific AbstractCIAPlotkin Y, Karateyev B.V., Yudina O.M.Glow1967Dec50https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp86-00513r001341320002-5/page/n49/mode/2up?q=ionophoneCIA keeping tabs on Russian Ionophone development from 1959
PaperPreliminary investigation of the electrothermal loudspeakerCombustion and FlameJohn BurchardFlame1969FebVol 13, Iss 182-86https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0010218069900315A different name for it
PaperMusical FlamesJAESW. R. Babcock, K. L. Baker And A. G. CattaneoFlame1969JunVol 17 Iss 3312-314https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=1581Flame modulated by a diaphragm, not truly massless
PaperAn application of the STL-ionophone as a microphoneSTL-QPSRJansson, E. V. And Sundberg, J.Glow1969MicVol 10, No451-52https://web.archive.org/web/20220307213944/http://www.speech.kth.se/prod/publications/files/qpsr/1969/1969_10_4_051-052.pdfAn actual Ionophone application
PaperIon Acoustic Shock WavesPhysics of FluidsD. Biskamp And D. Parkinson1970JanVol 132295-2299https://pubs.aip.org/aip/pfl/article-abstract/13/9/2295/833941/Ion-Acoustic-Shock-Waves?redirectedFrom=fulltextSome proper maths on the subject
PaperElectrical impedance measurements of an electrothermal loudspeakerJASAG. A. RussellFlame1970Vol 47, no 61482-1484https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article-abstract/47/6A/1482/716634/Electrical-Impedance-Measurements-of-an?redirectedFrom=fulltextA short but proper study of a flame speaker
PaperProperties of the STL-ionophone transducerSTL-QPSRFransson, F. And Jansson, E. V.Glow197112No 2-3 page 43-52https://web.archive.org/web/20220307213909/https://www.speech.kth.se/prod/publications/files/qpsr/1971/1971_12_2-3_043-052.pdfAn actual Ionophone application
PaperHorn-type electrothermal loudspeakersIEEE Transactions on Audio and ElectroacousticsT. Paige, M. HamidFlame1972AugVol 20, Iss 3218-222https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1162371More flame action, with horns
PaperExcitation d ondes acoustiques par une flammeCzech Journal of PhysicsM. Fitaire And D. SiniteanFlame1972B(22)394-397https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Excitation-d'ondes-acoustiques-par-une-flamme-Fitaire-Sinitean/ca84676431acd294fa51d86bcd5fa7eb7e183d0eUltrasonic potassium flames
PaperSound sources with corona dischargesDept. Phys, Ehime Uni, JapanKiichiro MatsuzawaCorona1973NovVol 54, No 2494-498https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article-abstract/54/2/494/750255/Sound-sources-with-corona-discharges?redirectedFrom=fulltextGreat technical detail on ion wind corona speakers (like Tombs)
PaperThe STL-Ionophone Transducer properties and constructionJAESFrans J. Fransson, Erik V. JanssonGlow1974OctVol 58 No 4910-915https://annas-archive.org/scidb/10.1121/1.380743?scidb_verified=1An actual Ionophone application
PaperFlame LoudspeakersActa AcusticaM. S. Sodha, V. K. Tripathe, And J. K. SharmaFlame1978Vol 40 No 168-72https://dael.euracoustics.org/Modulated flame with DC bias study
PaperA corona-type point source for model studies in acousticsApplied AcousticsM.K.LimCorona1980MicAugVol 14 Iss 4245-252https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0003682X81900207A corona wind microphone
PaperCorona paperSov. Phys.-AcoustOstroumov, G.A.Corona198228159-60http://duckduckgo.com/Corona paper Sov. Phys.-Acoust Ostroumov, G.A. 1982A corona wind speaker theory
PaperHigh-voltage spark discharge source as an ultrasonic generatorIEE Proceedings AJ. A. Cooper, R. Dewhurst, S. Moody, S. PalmerLaser1984JunVol 131, Iss 4275-281https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/ip-a-1.1984.0040Comparing spark discharge plasma to laser plasma
PaperTheory Ingenuity And Wizardry In Speaker DesignJASAGeorge L. Augspurger1985771303-1308https://www.gammaelectronics.xyz/audio_04-1987_speaker.htmlMassless designs position in history
PaperAn investigation of a DC glow discharge plasma loudspeakerIEEE int conference on plasma scienceMichael S. Mazzola,G. Marshall Molen, J. StrouseGlow19853https://inis.iaea.org/search/searchsinglerecord.aspx?recordsFor=SingleRecord&RN=18011271Tests with different gases
PaperEffect of neutral fluid velocity on direct conversion from electrical to fluid kinetic energy in an electro-fluid-dynamics (EFP) deviceJournal of Physics D:Applied PhysicsH. Bondar And F. BastienGlow1986191657-1663https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231004302_Effect_of_neutral_fluid_velocity_on_direct_conversion_from_electrical_to_fluid_kinetic_energy_in_an_electro-fluid-dynamics_EFD_deviceGreat title for some proper scientific research
PaperModeling of a DC glow plasma loudspeakerJASAMichael S. Mazzola And G. Marshall MolenGlow1987JunVol 81, Iss 61972-1978https://sci-hub.se/10.1121/1.394762Proper glow discharge tests
PaperAcoustics and gas discharges: applications to loudspeakersJournal of Physics D:Applied PhysicsF. BastienGlow1987Jun201547-1557https://sci-hub.se/10.1088/0022-3727/20/12/001Great overview key
PaperAcoustic refraction by a spark discharge in airJASAL. D. Lafleur, J. J. Matesse, And R. L. SprossGlow198754(2)https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article-abstract/81/3/606/757701/Acoustic-refraction-by-a-spark-discharge-in?redirectedFrom=fulltextHow the sound reflection of an arc can effect itself
PaperElectroacoustic transducer using corona effectJAESAlain DeraedtCorona1991Feb90th Conv494-498https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=5656Good more recent corona discharge work key
PaperDistortion, Directivity and Circuit modeling of a Needle Array Plasma LoudspeakerThesis Ohio UniversityRon SterbaCorona1991MarThesis2-4https://etd.ohiolink.edu/acprod/odb_etd/ws/send_file/send?accession=ohiou1183749470&disposition=attachmentSome details on Tombs, Shirley, Matsuzawa
PaperSources acoustiques liees aux transducteurs ioniquesJournal De PhysiqueP. Bequin, P. HerzogGlow1994May221-224https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45625416_Sources_acoustiques_liees_aux_transducteurs_ioniquesSome proper maths on the subject
PaperGeneration of ultrasound by an expanding plasmaJournal of PhysicsS Dixon, C Edwards, S B PalmerLaser1996Vol 29, No 12https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/29/12/016/metaCreating your plasma with a laser
PaperEtude des sources acoustiques associees aux decharges corona negativesUniversite du MaineV. MontembaultCorona1997https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Etude-des-sources-acoustiques-associees-aux-corona-Montembault/180b6f23e37f79e60fb8b5e02a7652b2b18d36aaStudy on a corona loudspeaker
PaperFifty Years of Loudspeaker Developments as Viewed Through theJAESMark R. Gander1998Jan/Feb46, No 1/243-58https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=12162An general overview of AES papers including corona key
PaperLaser-generated ultrasound: Its properties, mechanisms and multifarious applicationsJournal of PhysicsS J Davies, Corrolyn Edwards, G S Taylor, S. B. PalmerLaser1999Janhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/231102925_Laser-generated_ultrasound_Its_properties_mechanisms_and_multifarious_applicationsSound from a plasma created by laser
PaperRendement d un haut-parleur a decharges corona negativesProceedings of the 5th International French Congress on AcousticsK. Castor And P. BequinCorona2000676-679https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-european-physical-journal-applied-physics/article/abs/modelling-of-negative-pointtoplane-corona-loudspeaker/3ACB1B9AD6DC7224607F948E9A0593C2Great research on corona speakers
PaperA plasma loudspeaker using a DC carbon arc in a modulated magnetic fieldIEEE Conference on Plasma ScienceIgor AlexeffArc2001https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241141642_A_plasma_loudspeaker_using_a_DC_carbon_arc_in_a_modulated_magnetic_fieldAn arc discharge modulated by magnetism key
PaperModelling of Negative point to plane corona loudspeakerThe European Physical JournalPh. Bequin , V. Montembault , Ph. Herzog Corona20011557-67https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-european-physical-journal-applied-physics/article/abs/modelling-of-negative-pointtoplane-corona-loudspeaker/3ACB1B9AD6DC7224607F948E9A0593C2Great research on corona speakers
PaperCaracterisation des sources acoustiques associees aux decharges couronnes negativesUniversite du MaineK. CastorCorona2001https://theses.fr/2001LEMA1010Corona wind study
PaperDirect Current Glow Discharges in Atmospheric AirIEEE Transactions on Plasma ScienceA.-A.H. Mohamed, R. Block, K.H. SchoenbachGlow2002Feb30, No.1https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1003984Hollow cathode glow discharge study
PaperSound Attenuation by Glow Discharge PlasmaAIAAV. Stepaniuk, V. Sheverev, V. Otugen, C. Tarau, G. Raman, V. SoukhomlinovGlow2003Janhttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Sound-Attenuation-by-Glow-Discharge-Plasma-Stepaniuk-Sheverev/50cea98eb67edeba34733a446228a87a5416ea24?sort=relevanceScientific experiment on the acoustic properties of a glow discharge
PaperThe Plasma TweeterMIT Colin JoyeGlow2003TweeterFebhttps://www.powershow.com/view4/68988e-YzA1Z/The_Plasma_Tweeter_powerpoint_ppt_presentationMessy presentation on basic plasma speakers
PaperFormation of Large-volume, High-pressure Plasmas in Microhollow Cathode DischargesApplied Physics LettersHae Il Park, Tae Il Lee, Ki Wan ParkGlow2003May82, No.19https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:35037688More hollow cathode glow discharge work
PaperSolid State Plasma TweeterMIT?Sam Kendig, Danny Shen, Mike Seeman (Colin Joye)Glow2003TweeterMayThesishttp://web.mit.edu/skendig/Public/6.101/Plasma%20Tweeter%20-%20Final%20Paper.docPaper on a plasma tweeter design
PaperBiefeld-Brown Effect: Misinterpretation of Corona Wind PhenomenaAIAAMartin TajmarCorona2004Feb42, No 2315-318https://www.researchgate.net/publication/245425484_Biefeld-Brown_Effect_Misinterpretation_of_Corona_Wind_PhenomenaThomas Townsend Brown was questionable
PaperThe Physics and Phenomenology of Paraelectric One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge PlasmaAIAAJ. Reece Roth, Xin Dai, Jozef Rahel, Daniel M. ShermannGlow2005Jan2005-781https://annas-archive.org/scidb/10.2514/6.2005-781?scidb_verified=1Perhaps a sheet plasma usable for audio Sonarc
PaperA plasma loudspeaker using a DC carbon arc in a modulated magneticfieldPulsed Power Plasma Science, 2001Alexeff, I., Grace, M., Araya, E., Loria, J.A.DGlow2005Jun10.1109/ PPPS.2001 .961277https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/961277Similar to his earlier paper
PaperModulated Plasma Audio TransducerYoungstown State UniversityMark BarlowGlow2006Janhttps://forums.parallax.com/uploads/attachments/40745/69682.pdfA rough Magnat style plasma project
PaperReflection of sound by glow discharge plasmaJournal of Applied PhysicsV. Soukhomlinov, V. Sheverev, C. TarauGlow2006Aughttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Reflection-of-sound-by-glow-discharge-plasma-Soukhomlinov-Sheverev/c23eb7161bb3eca3aeb50af97d587d54b2a9383fScientific experiment on the acoustic properties of a glow discharge
PaperModelling Plasma LoudspeakersJASAPh. Bequin, K. Castor, Ph. Herzog, V. MontembaultGlow2007Vol 121, Iss 41960-1970https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17471712/More detailed maths models
PaperPropagation of sound in glow discharge plasmaJournal of Applied PhysicsV. Soukhomlinov, N. Gerasimov, V. SheverevGlow2007Aprhttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Propagation-of-sound-in-glow-discharge-plasma-Soukhomlinov-Gerasimov/d4b87a3a8d9df463278f37bc1bbd15d7008586e5Scientific experiment on the acoustic properties of a glow discharge
PaperAudio reproduction with atmospheric pressure plasmas Surface discharge deviceUniversity of GlasgowHugh Potts, Declan DiverGlow2007Dechttps://slideplayer.com/slide/5803779/A surface plasma discharge speaker
PaperEFA Loudspeakers (Kronos Air Technologies)ESA Annual Meeting on ElectrostaticsIgor A. Krichtafovitch, Sergey V. Karpov, Nels E. Jewell-Larsen,Jacob L. Oharah, Vladislav A. KorolevCorona2008A2https://web.archive.org/web/20230713234249/http://www.electrostatics.org/images/ESA_2008_A2.pdfA paper on the Kronos speaker, almost a commercial corona wind
PaperHydraulophones: Acoustic musical instrumentsUniversity of TorontoRyan Jazen2008Thesis1-5https://www.researchgate.net/figure/1-Musical-instruments-and-transducers-by-state-of-matter-14_tbl1_344131901Good terminology reference
PaperThe Historical Development of Speakers and their useTU Berlin, Dept. of CommGeorg Sabnowski2008SepThesishttps://silo.tips/queue/die-historische-entwicklung-von-lautsprechern-und-ihres-einsatzes-bei-konzertver?&queue_id=-1&v=1706604312&u=MjEyLjE1OS4xMTUuMTQ0DESection on Ion Speakers, Otto Braun, Klein
PaperSuspended metal wire array as a thermoacoustic sound sourceApplied Physics LettersA. O. Niskanen,J. Hassel,M. Tikander,P. Maijala,L. Gronberg, P. HelistoThermo200995https://tikander.net/miikka/Science/Publications_files/niskanen09.pdfUltra fine wires thermal speaker
PaperA study of the plasma tweeterBall State Uni ThesisKalalau CantrellGlow2011TweeterMayA-342https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-study-of-the-plasma-tweeter-Cantrell/50f00f0c6060426b688960d393f86dfc46d801a0Study on a basic plasma speaker
PaperLooking into a Plasma LoudspeakerIEEE Transactions on Plasma ScienceBowers & Wilkins, B&WYvonne Sutton, Jon Moore, David Sharp, N BraithwaiteGlow2011Nov, Vol 392146https://oro.open.ac.uk/30442/Study on plasma speaker with Schlieren pics key
PaperElectro-Acoustic Coupling in a Plasma GasThe Open UniversityBowers & Wilkins, B&WYvonne SuttonGlow2012https://core.ac.uk/download/211273659.pdfVery detailed study of plasma sound
PaperBlondel et les Oscillations Auto-EntretnuesArchive for History of Exact SciencesJean-Marc Ginoux, Rene LoziArc2012MayVol 66485-530https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.2895.pdfA detailed summary of Andre Blondel s work
PaperThe singing arc The oldest memristor?Building Service-Oriented Government Lessons, Challenges and ProspectsJean-Marc Ginoux, Bruno RosettoArc2012AugChap 39https://arxiv.org/pdf/1408.5103.pdfThe arcs behaviour redefined, early history
PaperOn the study of Ionic MicrophoneJAESHiroshi Akino, Hirofumi Shimokawa, Tadashi Kikutani, Jackie GreenCorona2012MicOct133th Convhttps://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=17137A study on a corona wind microphone
PaperModelling of a corona discharge microphoneJournal of Physics D:Applied PhysicsPhilippe Bequin, V Joly And Ph HerzogCorona2013AprVol 46, no 17https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/46/17/175204More work on the corona microphone
PaperStable sound wave generation in weakly ionized air mediumOdessa National Polytechnic UniversityMaxim Chizhov, Maxim Eingorn,Vladimir KulinskiiCorona2013Aprhttps://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.7792.pdfDetailed corona wind study
PaperDesign and Evaluation of Electronic Circuit for Plasma SpeakerWorld Congress on EngineeringDaniel Severinsen And Gourab Sen GuptaGlow2013JulIIhttps://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCE2013/WCE2013_pp1111-1116.pdfAn oddly common circuit as an academic paper
PaperPhysics of thermo-acoustic sound generationJournal of Applied PhysicsDaschewski,Boehm,Prager,Kreutzbruck And HarrerThermo2013SepVol 114https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260552325_Physics_of_thermo-acoustic_sound_generationThermo and plasma modelling equations key
PaperAcoustic testing in a very small space based on a point sound source generated by laser-induced breakdown: Stabilization of plasma formationJournal of Sound and VibrationNaoki Hosoya, Masaki Nagata, Itsuro KajiwaraLaser2013SepVol 332 Iss 194572-4583https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022460X13003234Creating sounds from plasma created by laser
PaperTransit-time effects on the electrical admittance of a corona dischargeAnales AFAP. Gomez a,E. D Onofrio a,G. SantiagoCorona2013FullNovVol 25, No 3146-150https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/download/afa/afa_v25_n03_p146.pdfMore scientific analysis of corona wind response
PaperInitial Plasma Speaker AnalysisPPPL - Princeton Plasma Physics LaboratorySylvan ZhengGlow,Brush2013FullNovhttps://www.pppl.gov/sites/g/files/toruqf286/files/2021-03/Initial%20Plasma%20Loudspeaker%20Analysis.pdfA decent thorough analysis of a plasma speaker, a brush discharge, key
PaperThe electrical imagination sound analogies, equivalent circuits, and the rise of electroacousticsOsirisRoland Wittje2013Vol 28 #140-63https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/osiris/2013/28/1A section on ionic and plasma speakers
PaperA Comparison Between Dynamic Loudspeakers and Plasma LoudspeakersLulea University of TechnologyAleksandar Jovic2014JunThesishttp://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1020842/FULLTEXT03.pdfNot very well researched doc but okay for a start
PaperThe High Fidelity Plasma Speaker APS Division of Plasma Physics, Salisbury UniversityJames McgallGlow2014OctVol 59, No 15https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014APS..DPPJP8021M/abstractA magnetically stabilised plasma speaker
PaperPlasma SpeakerInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering ResearchSagar Samant, Mohammed Husein Sabuwala, Bhargav Gokalgandhi, Amit PandeyGlow2014SepVol 5, Iss 9572-574https://www.ijser.org/paper/Plasma-Speaker.htmlStudy of a crude plasma speaker
PaperNon-contact acoustic tests based on nanosecond laser ablation: Generation of a pulse sound source with a small amplitudeJournal of Sound and VibrationNaoki Hosoya, Itsuro Kajiwara, Tatsuo Inoue, Koh UmenaiLaser2014SepVol 333, Iss 184254-4264https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022460X14003368Pulse laser plasma creating sound
PaperStable Generation Sound Waves In Weak- Ionized Air EnvironmentApplied Physics (Russian)Mv Chizhov Et AlCorona20143243145-51https://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.7792.pdfA different version of previous study
PaperNumerical and Experimental Study of Amplitude Modulated Positive Corona DischargePhysicsP. Gomez, G. SantiagoCorona2014https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Numerical-and-Experimental-Study-of-Amplitude-Gomez-Santiago/4b05b327ea88883f1961961d3a02f11a89103c8cMathematical modelling of plasma speakers
PaperTime-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of audible noise from single corona sourceXuebao Li, X. Cui, Wenzuo MaCorona2014https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Time-domain-and-frequency-domain-characteristics-of-Li-Cui/93997278bc4fbb28563346e0f8f084607a4cc55eStudy of corona noise
PaperThe correlation between audible noise and corona current in time domain caused by single positive corona source on the conductorIEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical InsulationXuebao Li, X. Cui, Zhenguo WangCorona2015Aprhttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-correlation-between-audible-noise-and-corona-in-Li-Cui/2d4d88f145ecce60d06f5cd9cc9b68e8226c0a32Corona noise versus current
PaperTime-domain characteristics of the audible noise generated by single corona source under positive voltageIEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical InsulationXuebao Li, X. Cui, Zhenguo WangCorona2015Aprhttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Time-domain-characteristics-of-the-audible-noise-by-Li-Cui/823d9e0037d74ab2d101b1a5307913dbcb48dddcMore corona noise study
PaperAcoustic Characteristics and Distortion of an Ionic LoudspeakerIEEE LATIN AMERICA TRANSACTIONSP. M. Gomez, E. D Onofrio And G. SantiagoGlow2015MarVol 13, No 3578-582https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7069077Measurements of a corona wind speaker
PaperCoherent Generation of Photo-Thermo-Acoustic Wave from Graphene SheetsNatureYichao Tian, He Tian, Y. L. Wu, L. L. Zhu, L. Q. Tao, W. Zhang, Y. Shu, D. Xie, Y. Yang, Z. Y. Wei, X. H. Lu, Tian-Ling Ren, Chih-Kang Shih, Jimin Zhao Laser,Thermo2015Junhttps://www.nature.com/articles/srep10582Using modulated lasers to modulate heat on a graphene sheet to make sound
PaperThermally Driven Sound Source Application of CNT NanofoamsDelft Uni of TechnologyHengqian YiThermo2015Sephttps://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A0b559d5b-66d1-4b61-a6c2-594307d55f31Carbon nanotube thermophone
PaperMembraneless Speaker or Plasma SpeakerBRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGYJosef KovarGlow2015https://core.ac.uk/works/16089234PLL driver plasma tweeter
PaperKonzept und Prototyp eines Ionenwindlautsprechers29th TONMEISTERTAGUNG - VDT INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS. Merchel, L. Creutzburg, A. Schwock, T. Fleck Und M.E. AltinsoyCorona/Glow2016Novhttps://tu-dresden.de/ing/elektrotechnik/ias/aha/ressourcen/dateien/professur/publikationen/Merchel2016c_-_Konzept_und_Prototyp_eines_Ionenwindlautsprechers.pdf?lang=enComparison of ion wind and glow discharge plasma tech, wire to plate ion wind speaker
PaperThermophony in real gasesUniversitat Potsdam thesisMaxim DaschewskiFlame2016Novhttps://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/opus4-ubp/frontdoor/deliver/index/docId/9886/file/daschewski_diss.pdfTesting many different thermophones
PaperConductor Surface Conditions Effects on Audible Noise Spectrum Characteristics of Positive Corona DischargeIEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical InsulationYong Yi, Yuanjiu Wang, Liming WangCorona2016https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Conductor-Surface-Conditions-Effects-on-Audible-of-Yi-Wang/01d4a2043921857b74798dd1ff1d865ddc5ff447Corona discharge noise
PaperPhysical modeling and characterization of thermo-acoustic loudspeakers made of silver nano-wire filmsJournal of Applied PhysicsPaolo La Torraca, L. Larcher, Marco Bobinger, Paolo PavanThermo2017Jun121(21):214502https://sci-hub.se/10.1063/1.4984755Silver nanowire thermophone
PaperWireless/Wired Automatic Switched plasma Tweeter & Speaker SystemJournal of Electronics and Communication EngineeringRupali Singh Et AlGlow2017TweeterMar/AprVol 12, Iss 228-33https://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jece/papers/Vol.%2012%20Issue%202/Version-2/D202022833.pdfAnother flyback plasma speaker, but good detail
PaperImplementierung eines Ionenwindlautsprechers ohne PlasmaflammeTechnische Universitat Dresden, Lehrstuhl fur Akustik und HaptikSebastian Merchel, Lukas Creutzburg,Andreas Schwock, Tim Fleck Und M. Ercan AltinsoyGlow2017529-531https://pub.dega-akustik.de/DAGA_2017/data/articles/000109.pdfWire to plate ion wind speaker
PaperA simplified formulation of wire-plate corona discharge in airJournal of ElectrostaticsBouazza, Yanallah, Pontiga, ChenCorona2018Apr9254-65https://www.scilit.net/publications/bafa5f89e229f47237aa2bd3dc2e9582Wire to plate ion wind speaker
PaperLow-frequency sound generation by modulated repetitively pulsed nanosecond plasma dischargesJournal of Physics D Applied PhysicsOlaf Boelke, Deanna A Lacost, Jonas P MoeckGlow2018Julhttps://repository.kaust.edu.sa/server/api/core/bitstreams/5ab79b51-0b6f-48c9-ac5f-87f3beddbd4d/contentCreating lower frequency sound from higher frequency generated plasma
PaperAn Ultrasonic Plasma Microphone for Structural Health MonitoringPrinceton Plasma Physics LabJohn CarlssonGlow2018MicSepWeb17-3317-1https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228395689_Ultrasonic_structural_health_monitoring_Strategies_issues_and_progressUltrasound with plasma for building monitoring
PaperThe creation of electric wind due to the electrohydrodynamic forceNature CommunicationsSanghoo Park,Uros Cvelbar, Wonho Choe, Se Youn MoonCorona20180.632638889https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-02766-9Corona wind flow study with Schlieren pics
PaperExperimental and analytical evaluation of the acoustic radiation of femtosecond laser plasma filament sound sources in airJASAKonstantinos Kaleris, Yannis Orfanos, Makis Bakarezos, Nektarios Papadogiannis, John MourjopoulosLaser2019Sephttps://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article/146/3/EL212/995938Earlier work on a laser based plasma speaker
PaperAcoustic characterization of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma jetsEuropean Physical JournalOpen UniversityVladimir Samara, Yvonne Sutton, Braithwaite, Sylwia PtasinskaGlow2020Tweeterhttps://core.ac.uk/download/334412063.pdfDetermines where the sound is made in a plasma jet
PaperCoupling and confinement of current in thermoacoustic phased arraysScience AdvancesDavid M. Tatnell, Mark S. Heath, Steven P. Hepplestone, Alastair P. Hibbins, Samuel M. Hornett, Simon A. R. Horsley, David W. Horsell Thermo2020Jul6, iss 27https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abb2752Unusual thermophone study
PaperA review of the Plasma Loudspeaker (Ionic Loudspeaker):Principles of operation, general model and partsJAESMaria Carolina Rodriguez2020Oct149th Convhttps://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=20948How a plasma speaker works
PaperDevelopment of a plasma electroacoustic actuator for active noise control applications Journal of Physics D: Applied PhysicsS Sergeev, H Lissek, A Howling, I Furno, G Plyushchev And P LeylandCorona2020SepVol 53https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/280231Using a corona wind speaker for noise cancelling in a pipe
PaperAudio emitter based on atmospheric pressure dischargeNational Technical University of UkrainePetro Oleksiyovych TsarenkoGlow2020https://ela.kpi.ua/bitstream/123456789/40337/1/Tsarenko_magistr.pdfMasters thesis on the basics of plasma tweeters, fairly thorough
PaperCorona Discharge Actuator as an Active Sound Absorber Under Normal and Oblique Incidencephysics.app-phStanislav SergeevCorona2021Woofer/MidAug2108.13866v1https://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.13866.pdfUsing a corona wind speaker for noise cancelling in a pipe
PaperLaser-sound: optoacoustic transduction from digital audio streamsNatureKonstantinos Kaleris, Bjorn Stelzner, Panagiotis Hatziantoniou, Dimosthenis Trimis, John Mourjopoulos Laser2021Janhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-78990-zTheory behind creating laser driven plasma speaker
PaperMicroplasma microphonesActa AcusticaPhilippe Bequin , Adalbert Nanda Tonlio, And Stephane DurandGlow2021MicAugVol 5, Iss 37https://acta-acustica.edpsciences.org/articles/aacus/pdf/2021/01/aacus210011.pdfUsing tiny plasmas as microphones
PaperDer Plasma-Lautsprecher als LehrversuchPhyDidFlorian Hubert, Friedrich-Alexander, Philipp Dorsch, Patrick K. Kroh, Hans-Michael GuentherGlow2021Jul1/2015-25http://phydid.de/index.php/phydid/article/view/1090Using plasma speakers to learn
PaperSound reproduction from laser-driven pulsed acoustic sourcesUniversity of PatrasKonstantinos KalerisLaser2021Julhttps://nemertes.library.upatras.gr/server/api/core/bitstreams/42b10506-cbf6-4d95-9909-8d386f557d1b/contentGRPhD On sound generation using plasma from lasers, key, excellent
PaperEffect of time interval between pulses on the synthetic sound generated by repetitive nanosecond pulse dischargePhysics of PlasmasHandong Li ORCID logo, Yutai Li ORCID logo, Xinxin Wang ORCID logo, Xiaobing Zou ORCID logo, Haixu Wang ORCID logo, Haiyun LuoGlow2021Julhttps://pubs.aip.org/aip/pop/article/28/7/073502/594569Creating lower frequency sound from higher frequency generated plasma
PaperNew high fidelity (hi-fi) three-dimensional thermophone CNT spongeExtreme Mechanics LettersJinxin Wang, Houyang Li, Yanxia FengThermo2021NovVol 49https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352431621002042Carbon nanotube thermophone
PaperSound reproduction through pulsed sources of visual stimulationPhDHellenic Mediterranean University, HMUXrisanthi Mpelechaki, Dimitris BarbarezosLaser2021SepIss 387https://apothesis.lib.hmu.gr/handle/20.500.12688/10010With ideas from Professor Nektarios Papadogiannis, laser plasma audio reproduction thesis
PaperCorona discharge actuator for active sound absorptionEcole Polytechnique Federale de LausanneStanislav Sergeev, Herve LissekCorona2021Woofer/MidSephttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/354717825_Corona_discharge_actuator_for_active_sound_absorptionUsing a corona wind speaker for noise cancelling in a pipe
PaperA Carbon-Based Thermoacoustic Speaker With High Vocal Efficiency and Low Power ConsumptionIEEE Sensors JournalCheng Zhao, Jiacheng Zhou, Shunyi Zhang, Qingying Ren, Debo WangThermo2022AugVol 22 Iss 18https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9852977Carbon nanotube thermophone
PaperTheory and construction of a plasma tweeterSignal Processing and Speech Communication LaboratoryNiklas UrbanGlow2022TweeterJanhttps://www.spsc.tugraz.at/student-projects/Weselak-32.htmlAnother tesla coil plasma tweeter project
PaperLaser-Sound Transduction From Digital Sigma Delta StreamsJAESKonstantinos Kaleris, Bjorn Stelzner, Panagiotis Hatziantoniou, Dimosthenis Trimis, John Mourjopoulos Laser2022Janhttps://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=21550Using an ADC to drive laser plasma speaker
PaperPyrolyzed Silk Carbon Fabric-Enabled Wearable Functional Actuators With Heating and Sound-Emitting CapabilitiesIEEE Transactions on Lu-Qi Tao, Guanya Wang, Hao Sun, Congcong Zhu, Zhirong PengThermo2023JanVol 70 Iss 3https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10018841Pyrolyzed silk as a sound emitter
PaperUltrabroadband sound control with deep-subwavelength plasmacoustic metalayersNature CommunicationsStanislav Sergeev, Romain Fleury, Herve LissekCorona2023Woofer/MidMayVol 14, Art 2874https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7Eemh63NcAThe corona wind speaker used for noise cancelling
PaperLaser-plasma sound sources in atmospheric air: A systematic experimental studyJournal of Sound and VibrationKonstantinos Kaleris, Yannis Orphanos, Stelios Petrakis, Makis Bakarezos, Michael Tatarakis, John Mourjopoulos, Nektarios A. PapadogiannisLaser2024Feb570https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022460X23004492Experimentally changing various parameters of plasma laser speaker
PaperLaser-sound reproduction by pulse amplitude modulation audio streamsNatureKonstantinos Kaleris, Panagiotis Hatziantoniou, Bjoern Stelzner, Dimosthenis TrimisLaser2024Mayhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-62382-8The first experiments from the theory on laser plasma sound
PaperUltrabroadband sound control of 3D spaces using plasmacoustic metalayersInter-noise congressSergeev Stanislav, Donaldson Mark, Lissek HerveCorona2024Oct8431-8442https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/34fd2c2d-ee6d-4fa8-8ef3-2bb1277003a9Latest version of Stanislav s work, in a box, happens to leave the ozone filter off, 3dB not much
PaperElectric plasma guided with ultrasonic fieldsScience AdvancesJosu Irisarri, Inigo Ezcurdia, Naroa Iriarte et al Glow2025FebVol 11, No 6https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adp0686Confining and directing plasma with ultrasound, also youtube video
PatentImprovement in pyrophonesFrederic KastnerFlame1873MusicUS164458https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US164458USHydrogen flame in tubes pipe organ
PatentSpeaking MachineEdisonAir1878US201760https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US201760USCompressed air, nearly massless for ref
PatentMethod of Operating Arc LampsNikola TeslaArc1891MarchUS447920https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US447920USA method of preventing arc lamp sound or noise by using higher frequency AC to drive it
PatentArt of and apparatus for generating musicCahillAir1897MusicUS580035https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US580035USTelharmonium
PatentImprovements in and connected with means for theWilliam DuddellArc1900GB190021629https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB190021629GBConvert DC to audible AC using arc
PatentImprovements in or relating to wirelessBlondel, AndreArc, flame1903Full, micGB190215527https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB190215527GBSpeaker, mic and circuits based on Duddell
PatentImprovements relating to the production of alternatingPoulsenArc1904GB190315599https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB190315599GBArc lamp based telegraph transmitter/receiver
PatentImprovements in and relating toHermanusArc1906MicGB190604585https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB190604585GBArc microphone, piston against electrode
PatentImprovements in wireless telephonyLee De ForestArc1907GB190628125https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB190628125GBUses Duddell and Simon's speaking arc
PatentImproved method of transStilleArc1915MicGB191407202https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB191407202GBArc microphone (reverse of singing arc)
PatentThermic telephoneLynden Robert Aernout BaronThermo1917US1389230https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1389230USA thermophone
PatentThermophone and method of making itBrowne Theodore, Brush CharlesThermo1920US1407726https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1407726USAnother thermophone variant
PatentThermophoneDe Forest LeeThermo1920US1526778https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1526778USA spiral thermophone in a record groove
PatentImprovements in or relating to microphones and the likeTri-ErgonVogt Hans, Josef Engl, Joseph MassolleCorona1921MicGB157442https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB157442GBThe Kathodophone patent
PatentThermic TelephonePieter de Lange, Robert Aernout Baron van LyndenThermo1921US1367949https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1367949USDe Lange Thermophone patent
PatentThermophoneGray BuddThermo1921US1398687https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1398687USMulti-wire thermophone
PatentImprovements in or relating to sound reproducing machinesJohn George Aulsebrook KitchenFlame1922FullGB178911https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB178911GBThe Flamephone patent
PatentTelephone TransmitterRichard EnglerCorona1923US1443620https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1443620USEarly use of word Ionophone, but not one
PatentGaseous Telephone TransmitterRichard EnglerCorona1924US1507994https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1507994USPossibly magnetically controller plasma
PatentImprovements in telephonic transmitters and receiversDrahtlose Telegraphie GmbhArc1924Full/MicGB203293https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB203293GBGE A single arc device used as both mic and speaker
PatentImprovements in apparatus for translating pressure variations into electrical variationsWestinghouse Electric & Mfg Co.Phillips ThomasGlow1925MicGB228169https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB228169GBEarliest plasma mic, also US1626648, GB207182, GB228156
PatentMethod of and means for translating sound wavesWestinghouse Electric & Mfg Co.Shrader James ECorona1926US1605295https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1605295USEarly corona wind with radioactive electrodes for ionisation
PatentElectrical sound-reproducing apparatusForest Phonofilm Corp DeDe Forest LeeCorona1927US1641664https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1641664USCoiled corona speaker in a parabola key
PatentImprovements relating to elecGeneral ElectricCorona1927GB264811https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB264811GBPoint to plane corona discharge key
PatentGlow-discharge apparatus and method of operating the sameWestinghouse Electric & Mfg Co.Phillips ThomasGlow1927US1626647https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1626647USPossibly earliest glow discharge plasma speaker key
PatentGlow-discharge microphoneWestinghouse Electric & Mfg Co.Phillips ThomasGlow1927MicUS1638893https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1638893USPlasma mic
PatentSystem for converting sound waves into electrical wavesWestern Electric Co.Clyde Snook HomerCorona1928MicUS1690255https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1690255USCorona microphone
PatentLoud SpeakerL. FleischmannCorona1928US1687011https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1687011USMany point to plane corona speaker
PatentIntertransposition of sound Lindenblad, RcaCorona1928US1685075https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1685075USPoint to air/ground corona discharge. 189 patents!, Swedish
PatentSound reproducing method and apparatusRamseyGlow1928US1680694https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1680694USHorn loaded plasma speaker mod RF key
PatentImprovements relating to elecGeneral ElectricGeneral ElectricCorona1928GB265958https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB265958GBPoints on a disc corona wind. Key
PatentImprovements in or relating to sound-emitting apparatusPintsch JuliusGlow1929GB299847https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB299847GBArc or Spark loudspeaker with horn loading
PatentSound-emitting apparatusRubenGlow1929US1702951https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1702951USHorn loaded plasma key
PatentMethod of and apparatus for reproducing soundLilienfeldCorona1929US1723244https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1723244USModulate air flow around disc
PatentLoudspeaker arrangementLoeweCorona1930GB303175https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB303175GBGrid modulated ion source key
PatentSound reproducerRCA CorpWolffCorona1930US1758993https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1758993USMany points corona discharge. Ref to above patent 1695075 wrong!
PatentSound-emitting deviceRubenCorona1930US1751888https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1751888USHeated cathode ion speaker
PatentImprovements in or connected with sound reproducing devicesBritish Talking PicturesCorona1930GB303828Ahttps://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB303828AGBDe Forest Lee assignee in UK
PatentSound Producing DeviceDe Forest LeeGlow1931US1806745https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US1806745USModulate gas flow with high voltage
PatentProcede et dispositifs de transformation des impulsions electriques en impulsions sonores et inversementHarry YagloglouCorona1936FR794308https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR794308FRPoint to plate ion speaker and mic
PatentMethod and device for transforming ultrasonic or infrasound wavesKlein S.Glow1946FR910489https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR910489FRIonovac ionophone key
PatentMethod and device for transforming waves of audible, Klein S.Glow1951GB659796https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB659796GBIonovac ionophone
PatentImprovements in or relating toKlein S.Glow1956GB757358https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB757358GBIonovac, Also-US2847516, GB757111, FR1041790, BE519086, FR67664E
PatentElectrical TransducerKlein S.Glow1956US2768246https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US2768246USIonovac, Also-GB756546, CH317527, DE1095883, FR1041790, US2768246
PatentIonic triode speakerHalus, HolcombGlow1957US2793324https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US2793324USCorona discharge around a hole
PatentImprovements in and relating toKlein S.Glow1958GB792312https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB792312GBMulti horn Ionovac
PatentIonic diode deviceHalus, HolcombGlow1958US2830233https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US2830233USSingle point discharge to hole
PatentIonofon-type electroacoustic transducerPlotkin E BGlow1962SU151896https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=SU151896SUImprovments on the ionophone key
PatentSound ProducerTakis N. PanayCorona1962US3022385https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US3022385USCorona but producing ions with heated wire, radiation etc. not voltage
PatentInertialess TransducerDukane CorpWilliam TornGlow1963US3105124https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US3105124USDukane ionovac
PatentApparatus for producing soundGianni, DucatiGlow1965US3185778https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US3185778USHorn loaded plasma
PatentKoronaphonWilhelms WalterCorona1965DE1462256https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=DE1462256DEMany random point corona
PatentOperating circuit for a discharge type of transducerDukane CorpArthur Block, Jan RychlickCorona1965US3177288https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US3177288USIonovac circuit
PatentAppareil sonore electrohydrodynamiqueElectrokineticsTownsend BrownCorona1966FR1427695https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR1427695FRCorona wind based on Tombs, US3018394
PatentElectrohydrodynamic sound devicesElectrokineticsTownsend BrownCorona1967CA771815https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CA771815CACorona wind based on Tombs
PatentIonic electroacoustic transducerSeligson, LanierCorona1969US3476887https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US3476887USMany points to blades corona wind (blades all vertical, points only one side)
PatentMethod etc. generating an acoustic outputUnited Aircraft CorpBabcock Wayne R, Cattaneo Alfredo GGlow1970GB1199859https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB1199859GBModulating flame with high voltage, also US3565209 and US3516286
PatentA system for imparting movement to ionizableGuidance Technology Inc.Townsend BrownCorona1972GB1274875https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB1274875GBCorona triode based on Tombs
PatentKoronaphonWalter WilhelmsCorona1972DE2115544https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=DE2115544DECircuit for a plasma loudspeaker (modulated supply?), good basic design info
PatentCorona speakerDenjo Gepax Research Institute Co.Kami KiyoshiCorona1975JPS5092755https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPS5092755JPHorn loaded corona
PatentGuide-band plasma-type loudspeakerDoucet, HenriCorona1975FR2246151https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR2246151FRCorona wind from radioactive surface
PatentOmnidirectional corona wind loudspeakerTDKKikukawa TakashiGlow1976JPS5161816https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPS5161816JPPlasma speaker with diaphragm(!) to stop gas
PatentIon LoudspeakerYama Amp Masa ToshiGlow1976TweeterJPS5167735https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPS5167735JPAn ion loudspeaker with a diaphragm to keep the bad gases in (!)
PatentGrid controlled ionic wind loudKiyoshiGlow1978JPS53141612https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPS53141612JPCorona triode, wires, single ended and push pull.
PatentIonic Wind Loudspeaker controlled byKiyoshiGlow1978JPS53137128https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPS53137128JPCorona triode, points, single ended and push pull.
PatentIonic Wind LoudspeakerKiyoshiGlow1978JPS53142218https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPS53142218JPCorona triode, just single ended, points
PatentIon SpeakerHatake KiyoshiGlow1979JPS54119914https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPS54119914JPReplaceable plasma speaker tube
PatentPlasma LoudspeakerHillGlow1979GB2023373https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB2023373GBPlasmatronics, glow discharges in parallel. US4219705, JP54143225, JP2918300, FR2422314, DE2913804 key
PatentCorona-loudspeakerKlein S.Glow1980EP17886https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=EP17886EPMagnat key
PatentCorona-effect loudspeakerKlein S.Glow1980EP17885https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=EP17885EPMagnat
PatentSound emitterKlein S.Glow1981US4306120https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US4306120USMagnat/Ionovac
PatentIonic electro-acoustic transducerBondarCorona1982EP65911https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=EP65911EPNot the actual Plasmasonic, Also-US4460809, JP58001395, FR2506551, EP0065911 key
PatentTransducer for the transformationKlein S.Glow1984US4482788https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US4482788USAlso EP0017886, SU1175352, JP55140400, FR245444, ES8100754
PatentProcess and device for converting a periodicBondarCorona1984US4460809https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US4460809USIonic pins and plates
PatentCorona effect loudspeakerKlein S.Glow1984FR2544951https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR2544951FRMagnat
PatentCorona-effect sound emitterKlein S.Glow1984US4464544https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US4464544USMagnat
PatentElectroacoustic transducer with ion emissionValois DistributionFourriere Jean-ClaudeCorona1985FR2559636https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR2559636FRPlasmasonic patent key
PatentIon emission electroacoustic transducerValois DistributionFourriere Jean-ClaudeCorona1986FR2581497https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR2581497FRPlasmasonic patent but simpler than 636
PatentIonic electroacoustic transducerDeraedtCorona1987FR2588710https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR2588710FRPush-pull corona wind
PatentElectrokinetic transducing metLeeCorona1988WO8807785https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=WO8807785WOCorona wind, Offset wires to thicker bars.
PatentElectrokinetic transducing metLeeCorona1988US4789801https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US4789801USCorona wind, Offset wires to thicker aerodynamic bars.
PatentElectroacoustic transducerAlain Deraedt, Pascal Freulon, Ste CasoCorona1988FR2613894https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR2613894FRSpherical Ion Wind
PatentElectrode structure and driving device for modulatingUehara MasaakiCorona1989JPH0194000https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPH0194000JPPush pull ion wind
PatentElectronic-Acoustic transducerJiyannkuroodo FuurieeruCorona1990JPH02174398https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPH02174398JPCorona wind dual point
PatentElectroacoustic TransducerFourriereCorona1990EP370846https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=EP370846EPTolteque, Corona/Glow modulated by plates. JP2174398, FR2638930
PatentTranducteur electroacoustique, et enceinteBayle Pierre, Gibert AlainCorona1991FR2685156https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=FR2685156FRMany point to plane corona?
PatentMethod and apparatus for tranIde, HashimotoArc1993US5220246https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US5220246USPossible glow discharge (arc column), single point to plane. Based on DC TIG welder.
PatentSpeaker utilizing DC corona disMasaakiGlow1994JPH06327099https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JPH06327099JPPoint to plane corona discharge,+ push pull
PatentMethod and device for arc soundEizoArc1997JP2643009https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP2643009JPArc/flame nozzle, a TIG welder
PatentCorona Discharge LoudspeakerKeith HowardCorona1997GB2312590https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB2312590GBCorona wind wires with grids either side.
PatentCorona Discharge LoudspeakerAdam ChambersCorona2004GB2403372https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=GB2403372GBCorona wind direct amplifier
PatentElectrode self-cleaning mechanism for electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner devicesReeves, Lau, ParkerCorona2004US6749667https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US6749667USAir conditioner with sound as a feature, US6713026
PatentPlasma acoustic transducer e.g. microphone, uses ionizedSchneider BernhardLaser2006DE102005022174https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=DE102005022174DEPossibly laser created ion - really vague patent
PatentElectroststic Loudspeaker and Kronos Air TechnologiesIgor KrichtapovitchCorona2007WO2007127810https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=WO2007127810WOKronos EFA application (not granted yet, company closed), corona wind key
PatentSound generatorSony CorpNomoto Kazutoshi, Hirata ShojiGlow2008JP2010141858https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP2010141858JPSony's attempt at a plasma tweeter design
PatentHeadphoneAudio TechnicaAkino YutakaGlow2008JP2008236235https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP2008236235JPPlasma headphone key
PatentSmall-sized ion speakerNakagawa KoichiCorona2008JP2008206122https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP2008206122JPA multi horn ion speaker
PatentMethod of Acoustic Wave GenerationKronos Air TechnologiesKrichtafovitch Igor A, Jacob Oharah L, Korolyov Vladislav A, Jewell-Larsen Nels E, Karpov SergeyCorona2009US2009022340https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US2009022340USKronos US version granted
PatentElectricity and sound conversionYao ZongdongGlow2010CN101778327https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CN101778327CNPlasma speaker controlled by magnetic field, or not the translation is vague
PatentThermoacoustic deviceJIANG KAI-LIThermo2010US2010054504https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US2010054504USCarbon nanotube thermophone
PatentPlasma loudspeakerZhao Ge, Gao Yifeng, Cao Dong Glow2011CN202218397https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CN202218397CNPlasma speaker, classic style with two electrodes, a reflector behind
PatentElectroacoustic TransducerAudio TechnicaAkino YutakaGlow2011JP2011188037https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP2011188037JPPlasma tweeter on inert gas
PatentPlasma tweeter e.g. teslums tweeter, for e.g. acoustic labBraun AlexanderGlow2012DE102010026112https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=DE102010026112DEPlasma speaker on tesla coil
PatentElectric-arc loudspeakerBoris G. VigerGlow2012RU2496254https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=RU2496254RUPlasma tweeter EAL/VA7 of Viger Audio/Plasma Voice
PatentElectro-acoustic transducerAkino HiroshiGlow2013TweeterUS2013223647https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US2013223647USPlasma Tweeter with inert gas supply key also JP2013175904, JP5777540, US2013223647, US9301042, JP2011188037
PatentControl device for plasma loudspeaker and plasma loudspeaker Lu YulongGlow2013CN101820573https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CN101820573CNPlasma speaker amp
PatentMicrophoneYu AkinoGlow2013MicJP5281428https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP5281428JPPlasma based microphone
PatentElectroacoustic ConverterCopra AcousticChyzhov Maksym Viktorovych, Yun Kostiantyn MoiseiovychCorona2014UA105621https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=UA105621UACorona wind, WaveIon
PatentElectroacoustic transducerYu AkinoGlow2014JP5474614https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP5474614JPPlasma speaker
PatentElectroacoustic transducerYu AkinoGlow2015MicJP5777540https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP5777540JPPlasma speaker and microphone
PatentPlasma loudspeaker earphoneShi PengGlow2016CN105763985https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CN105763985CNPlasma headphone
PatentElectron tube ionic loudspeakerZhang ZaifeiGlow2017CN205902064https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CN205902064CNBasic plasma speaker valve amplifier
PatentElectroacoustic transducerYu AkinoGlow2017JP6099143https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=JP6099143JPPlasma speaker
PatentMicrowave plasma loudspeakerFu WenjieGlow2018CN107948895https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CN107948895CNMicrowave generated plasma
PatentPoint acoustic source sound generating mechanismSUZHOU JINGSHENGTAI ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECH CO LTDTang JunLaser2018CN208029089https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/063910580/publication/CN208029089U?q=pn%3DCN208029089UCNLaser based plasma speaker, also CN108495246
PatentImproved plasma loudspeakerHu ZhenqiangGlow2019CN110430515https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=CN110430515CNCircular arrangement of plasmas
PatentElectroacoustic transducer having controlled ion generationCopra AcousticChyzhov Maksym ViktorovichCorona2019Mid/TweeterUS9445202https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US9445202USCorona wind, WaveIon key
PatentAxial electric field electroacoustic transducer Copra AcousticChyzhov Maksym ViktorovichCorona2019Mid/TweeterWO2019069289https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=WO2019069289WOCorona wind, WaveIon
PatentElectronic effects device and method Ilja Krumins, Martins Melkis, Kristaps KalvaGlow2019WO2019135196https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=WO2019135196WOPlasma in a gas discharge tube for musical effects, not a speaker
PatentSystem and Method for Acoustic to Electronic TransductionJohan CarlssonGlow2020MicUS201862627839https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US201862627839USPlasma microphone for structural listening
PatentPlasma speakerSonarc InnovationsGilliganGlow2020FullEP3513576https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=EP3513576EPUsing an unproven method of sound production from direct barrier discharge plasma Sonarc
PatentDevice for generating a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmaTDK Electronics AGPichler Johann, Weilguni MichaelGlow2021FullUS10966309https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US10966309USCreate plasma with a piezo transformer.
PatentTunable electrostatic ion and fluid flow generator and electroacoustic transducerSubrahmanyam DesarajuCorona2022US11273465https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=US11273465USCorona wind speaker, detailed but nothing new key
PatentPlasma Based Noise Reduction SystemSergeev Stanislav, Lissek Herve,Volery MaximeCorona2023EP4116967https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search?q=EP4116967EPCorona Wind Speaker used for Noise Reduction
PicturesKathodofon (kathodophone)Radio MuseumCorona1929Michttps://www.radiomuseum.org/r/lorenz_kathodofon.htmlKathodofon (kathodophone) pictures
PicturesIon plasma Corona Wind LoudspeakerdiyAudio2012https://www.diyaudio.dk/2012/09/ionplasmacorona-wind-loudspeaker.htmlSome nice pics
PicturesB&W P2HCharlieStudioBowers & Wilkins, B&WGlow2021Tweeterhttps://www.facebook.com/CharlieStudioAudio/posts/3529891000469481/Full pics of the B&W P2H with Fane 601 Ionophone
PicturesPapa Pass Stereophile ScansThreshold Audio Inc.Nelson PassCorona2020https://www.zenmod.in.rs/papa-pass-stereophile-scans-from-treshold-era/A number of pics of Nelson Pass Ion Cloud
PrototypeIonophoneAndre Dewald & Sohn AGGlow1952Mid/TweeterNovhttp://duckduckgo.com/Ionophone Andre Dewald & Sohn AG 1952SWDemoed at the Swiss Radio Exhibition, radio manufacturer Deso
PrototypeCorona Wind LoudspeakerTelevex Co.Dr. David M.Tombs, Gerald ShirleyCorona1955Fullhttp://duckduckgo.com/Corona Wind Loudspeaker Dr. David M.Tombs, Gerald Shirley 1955UKTombs inventor, Shirley (Televex Co.) tried to develop it. Key
PrototypeIonophonic headphoneLaborantesGregor AntesGlow1964Fullhttp://www.laborantes.com/iono2.htmSWPlasma headphones with Guido Melliger.
PrototypeSTL IonophoneKTH Computer ScienceFransson F.Glow1965http://duckduckgo.com/STL Ionophone Fransson F. 1965Used for acoustic measurement
PrototypeFlame Loudspeaker, Talking FlameUnited Technology Center, UTCDr. A. G. CattaneoFlame1968https://massless.info/images/Popular%20Electronics%20May%201968%2031401532-Flame-Amplification.pdfElectrodes in a welding torch flame modulating it Wayne Babcock,K. L. Baker
PrototypeForce-field SpeakerElectro Research then Electron KineticsJohn Gordon IversonCorona1973Fullhttp://duckduckgo.com/Force-field Speaker John Gordon Iverson 1973USBased on Tombs' corona wind key
PrototypeThe ForceFieldCalifornia Institute of TechnologyVortex Acoustical EngineeringAlbert Von SchweikertGlow1976Tweeterhttps://audiokarma.org/forums/index.php?threads/vortex-screen-speakers-what-the.320746/USDeveloped under Dr. Richard Heyser, later developed a non-plasma speaker called forcefield too
PrototypeIonophoneOstroumov, G.A.Corona1979http://duckduckgo.com/Ionophone Ostroumov, G.A. 1979RURussian prof, ring arrangement
PrototypeIon Cloud PanelThreshold Audio Inc.Nelson PassCorona1980Fullhttp://duckduckgo.com/Ion Cloud Panel Nelson Pass 1980USPrototype corona wind wire based panel key
PrototypePush pull corona prototypeAlain DeraedtCorona1987http://duckduckgo.com/Push pull corona prototype Alain Deraedt 1987FRPatent FR2588710, Science&Vie High Tech Article Pascal Freulon key
PrototypeToltequeAHL (Acieries du Haut Languedoc)Jean-Claude FourriereGlow1992Tweeterhttp://www.frenchvintagehifi.com/hardware/category/ahl-toltegravequeFRDemoed at WCES 1992 with plasma tweeter. Tolteques sold were ESL. Ran the Plasmasonic Company, Audio reference
PrototypeSDP 001Credo Audio AGVinzenz von TscharnerGlow1996Tweeterhttp://duckduckgo.com/SDP 001 Vinzenz von Tscharner 1996Demoed at Ramada by Townshend Audio, a late Ionophone clone
PrototypeEFA LoudspeakerKronos Air TechnologiesIgor A. Krichtafovitch, Et.AlCorona2008Fullhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230713234249/http://www.electrostatics.org/images/ESA_2008_A2.pdfRUA classic corona wind design detailed, Company now closed
PrototypeWaveion Model 1Waveion, Copra AcousticMaxim Chizhov, Iskender DzhanagayevCorona2014Mid/Tweeterhttps://www.waveion.net/UADemoed at CES
PrototypeSonarcSonarc InnovationsPaul GilliganGlow2016Fullhttp://sonarcinnovations.com/IRFlow plasma to create a full range plasma speaker (not) Sorcha O'Brien
PrototypeIonomax (Lonomax)CloudsoundJianxing CaiGlow2017Fullhttps://www.geeky-gadgets.com/lonomax-plasma-speaker-30-03-2017/Kickstarter (not funded), exists only as CGI renders of desktop stereo plasma
PrototypeionTweeterJoe ArnoldGlow2017Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170423150056/http://iontweeter.com/USKickstarter, not funded and cancelled but looks like most promising on there
Text BookLes Causeries ScientifiquesHenri De Parville1862https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k202698x#FRSinging Flame, Pyrophone, Unverified
Text BookSoundJohn TyndallFlame1867Chap 6260-301https://www.gutenberg.org/files/54969/54969-h/54969-h.htmUKMusical Flames
Text BookThe Cyclopaedia of Electrical EngineeringGebbib Publishing Co.M. Slingo, Arthur Brooker, John PerryThermo1895Vol 2785-793https://archive.org/details/cyclopdiaelectr00dibngoogThermophone, electrostatic
Text BookThe Electric ArcCambridge University PressHertha AyrtonArc1902https://archive.org/details/electricarc00ayrtrichUKEarliest studies on the noise from arcs key
Text BookThe Singing and the Speaking Arc LightsKarl E. GutheArc1902OctVol 2, Iss 4209-215https://archive.org/details/sim_school-science-and-mathematics_1902-10_2_4/page/208/mode/2upGuthe giving details of his demonstrations, circuit for organ
Text BookConduction of Electricity Through GasesJ. J. ThomsonArc Flame1903Chap 9, 13, 14417, 430-431https://archive.org/details/conductionofele00thomuoftUKArc hiss, early arc and flame behaviour
Text BookThe Principles of Electric Wave TelegraphyLongmans, Green and Co.J. A. Fleming, William DuddellArc1906Chap 174-81https://ia800203.us.archive.org/28/items/cu31924074412739/cu31924074412739.pdfComplete instructions to build your own musical arc, speaking arc, singing arc
Text BookDer elektrische lichtbogen, experimentalvortrag auf wunsch des wissenschaftlichen vereins zu Berlin gehaltenLeipzig, S. HirzelHermann Theodor SimonArc19118-10https://archive.org/details/derelektrischel00simogoog/page/n19/mode/2upDEHermann book detailing his experiments as well as Duddell. He refers to his as the Listening Arc.
Text BookDielectric Phenomena in High Voltage EngineeringMcGraw HillF.W.Peek1915Chap 5https://archive.org/details/dielectricpheno00peekgoogBehaviour of corona in detail
Text BookTelephone ApparatusD. AppletonGeorge Defrees ShepardsonArc, Thermo191747-49https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Telephone_apparatus%2C_an_introduction_to_the_development_and_theory_%28IA_telephoneapparat00sheprich%29.pdfUKSection on arc and thermo based phones, good references
Text BookElectroacoustics the analysis of transduction, and its historical backgroundCambridge University PressHunt, Frederick V19545, 41, 49https://archive.org/details/electroacoustics00huntSee home page for quote. A detailed book on acoustics that ignored any massless
Text BookHi-Fi Loudspeakers and EnclosuresRiderAbraham CohenGlow195639-42https://www.worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Technology/Rider-Books/Rider-Hi-Fi-Loudspeakers-Cohen-1956.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Longer section on Ionophones
Text BookLoudspeakers of the FutureRank Warfdale Ltd.G. A. BriggsGlow19585 th Ed.35-37https://archive.org/details/loudspeakerswhyh0000gbri/page/36/mode/2up?q=ionophoneShort section on the Ionophone
Text BookHi-Fi Annual & Audio handbookZiff-DavisCorona1958Janhttps://www.radiomuseum.org/lf/p/hi-fi-annual-audio-handbook/vol3dat1958-01/Ionic Cloud Tweeter
Text BookThe Practical Hi-Fi Handbook Odhams PPlesseyGordon J. KingGlow1959JanChap 5106-107https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Audio/Audio-Collection-IDX/IDX/The%20Practical%20Hi-Fi%20Handbook%20-%20Gordon%20J.%20King104.pdfSection about Plessey Ionophone
Text BookBasic AudioRiderNorman CrowhurstGlow195985https://www.worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Technology/Rider-Books/RIDER-Basic-Audio-Crowhurst-1959-1.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Page on basic ionophone
Text BookHigh Quality Sound ReproductionChapman and HallJames MoirGlow1961505-507https://www.worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Technology/Technology-Radio/High-Quality-Sound-Reproduction-Moir-1961.pdf#search=%22ionophone%22Ionophone, pic of Plessey
Text BookAcoustics and Vibrational PhysicsArnoldStephens Bate1966317https://archive.org/details/acousticvibratio0000rwbsTombs corona wind key
Text BookTheoretical AcousticsMcGraw HillMorse, Philip Mccord1968Chap 12781-808https://archive.org/details/theoreticalacous0000morsWhole chapter on Plasma Acoustics
Text BookIonized GasesOxford, Clarendon PressAlfred Von Engel1969https://archive.org/details/ionizedgases0000vone/page/n9/mode/2upLarge number of pages on aspects of sparks and arcs
Text BookElectroacousticsNewnes-Butterworth M. L. GayfordGlow1970Tweeter208https://archive.org/details/theoreticalacous0000morsIonophone
Text BookInteraction of electric and hydrodynamic fields NaukaOstroumov, G.A.Corona1979Chap 5143-170https://www.osti.gov/etdeweb/biblio/6033278RUFluid mechanics of plasma
Text BookIndustrial Plasma EngineeringJ. Reece Roth1995Vol1,2https://archive.org/details/industrialplasma0001rothOverview of plasma, vol 2 also in archive.org
Text BookOptogalvanic Effect in Ionized GasLebedev Physical Institute University PressN.G. Preobrazhenskii, N.Y. Shaparev, V.N.OchkinLaser1999https://archive.org/details/optogalvaniceffe0000ochkRUA complete text on use of lasers with plasma
Text BookFirsts in High FidelityAudio Amateur Inc,Plessey, LeakStephen SpicerGlow2000TweeterJan245https://firstsinhifi.com/Plessey Ionophone used by Leak
Text BookLoudspeaker HandbookSpringer ScienceJohn Eargle20032nd ed385-412https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4757-5678-4A survey of unusual transducers, plasma skin depth
Text BookLee de Forest King of Radio Television and FilmSpringer ScienceMike AdamsArc201234,35,196,220,221http://duckduckgo.com/Lee de Forest King of Radio Television and Film Springer Science Mike Adams 20121897 Circuit for a speaking flame or talking arc
Text BookElectroacousticsCRC PressMendel Kleiner2013487-489https://annas-archive.org/md5/77f144965b224d11eb2a12d7e462cd91A very confused mixed description of massless speakers with odd terminology
Text BookLaser-Plasma Interactions and ApplicationsSpringerPaul McKenna, David Neely, Robert Bingham, Dino JaroszynskiLaser2013https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-00038-1General text on laser plasma interactions and theory
Text BookThe Age of ElectroacousticsMIT PressRoland Wittje2016Chap 2.558-66https://archive.org/details/ageofelectroacou0000witt/page/n5/mode/2upEarly audio history with a war angle,excellent chapter
Text BookNewnes Audio and Hi-Fi Engineer's Pocket BookNewnes2016170https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780750602341/newnes-audio-and-hi-fi-engineers-pocket-bookPoor description of corona speaker
Text BookHandbook of Thermal PlasmasSpringerMaher I. Boulos, Pierre L. Fauchais, Emil Pfender2016https://dokumen.pub/handbook-of-thermal-plasmas-3030849341-9783030849344.htmlDetailed descriptions of everything plasma
Text BookCinema in FluxSpringerL. LiptonCorona2021Mic263-267https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-0716-0951-4_30#citeasUSKathodophone history, Tri-Ergon history
Text BookHaut-parleursTechniques de l IngenieurJacques JouhaneauGlow2024TweeterE 5 17022-23https://www.techniques-ingenieur.fr/base-documentaire/technologies-de-l-information-th9/captation-et-restitution-des-sons-42618210/haut-parleurs-e5170/Small section on Ionophone in this training material
VideoTomorrows World March 8 19-05 1984 - MagnatTomorrow s WorldBBC OneGlow1984TweeterMarhttps://pinkfishmedia.net/forum/threads/plasma-tweeters.84757/page-2A feature in this episode on the Magnat MP-02, ref only
VideoGerald Shirley - AES LegendsAESGerald ShirleyCorona2000Fullhttps://aes.digitellinc.com/p/s/gerald-shirley-aes-legends-202A long detailed interview with Gerald Shirley - Corona Wind Speaker at 1hr17 and 1hr44 to 1hr50
VideoElectro-Acoustic Coupling in a Plasma GasYoutubeOpen University, Bowers & Wilkins, B&WYvonne SuttonGlow2011Sephttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hy-XPgWaU8MVideo to go with PHD thesis, Bowers & Wilkins, B&W
VideoPlasma Speaker at the Princeton Plasma Physics LabYoutubePPPLSylvan Zheng, Andrew ZwickerGlow2013Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV3Q5QBA5zUVideo of plasma speaker used in testing
VideoAM Tower de-energizingYoutubeR.F. BurnsArc2014https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHSuInSkHtA&t=48sAn arc discharge speaker created as side effect
VideoARC Plasma Speaker Playing Internet FriendsYoutubeExcelPhysicsGlow2014Tweeterhttps://youtu.be/BXutKG9w0pA?si=hC88mFZEGbKjydO8A demo of the ExcelPhysics kickstarter tweeter
VideoInfoComm 2016 Waveion Intros New Audio TechnlogyYoutubeCorona2016Mid/Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnvHwpamqFcThe Waveion demo
Video2D Animation waveionYoutubeCorona2016Mid/TweeterWaveion promo animation – taken down(was youtube.com/watch?v=6Bj9X14U3FI)
VideoAnalogplanet.com s AXPONA 2016 Coverage Part 1YoutubeWaveion, Copra AcousticCorona2016Mid/Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QiR7TQpHPzIBetter Waveion interview 1.56, shame they didn t know how their own tech worked
VideoIonomax liveKickstarterCloudsoundJianxing CaiGlow2017Tweeterhttps://www.kickstarter.com/projects/2076098108/plasma-speaker-ionomax?ref=discoveryA basic plasma tweeter project dressed up as a full range product
VideoTalking lasers and endless flashbangs Pentagon develops plasma techYoutubeMilitary TimesLaser2018Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYr3zPP5rCwDemonstration of laser based plasma speaker
VideoViger AudioAparatViger Audio, Plasma VoiceVigerGlow2019https://www.aparat.com/v/tz1r8/Electric-Arc_Loudspeaker_%28ionophone%2C_plasma_speaker%29Viger Audio video key
VideoWhat is a plasma tweeterYoutubePS AudioPaul McgowanGlow2019Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-L_039xLSzwWhat is a plasma tweeter
VideoNelson Pass interviewYoutubeAudiophiliacSteve GuttenbergCorona2019Fullhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msE14cWTwKINelson Pass Youtube interview key
VideoUnderstanding Electric DischargesYoutubeSee the patternGlow2022https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Pl5qBajPLkExcellent explanation of plasma discharges from See the Pattern
VideoYouTube videos for plasmaspeaker.deYoutubeUlrich HaumannGlow2022Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCF3J4LVij0vRYp6Mgbx1QwQ/videosYouTube videos for plasmaspeaker.de (above) with great detail
VideoHear Dr. Alan Hill s Plasma Tweeter at AXPONA 2023YoutubeTony SalsichGlow2023Mid/Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U20nYc8JSc0&t=216sThe Hill Plasmatronics being demonstrated key
VideoThe Plasmatronic Hill Type 1 Plasma TweeterYoutubeThe Absolute SoundAlan Hill, Tony Silsich, Tom MartinGlow2023Tweeterhttps://youtu.be/aeMCBb_Fo78Decent long video on the Hill Plasmatronics 2023 demo
VideoA simplified model for a plasma in electric and magnetic fieldsYoutubeNils BerglundGlow2023https://youtu.be/z0RS5FVhn-gA visualisation of electrons and ions in a plasma
VideoHigh-voltage physics - with David RickettsYoutubeThe Royal Institution2023https://youtu.be/0WWjCICqDK8The background to plasma physics
VideoNon-hifi use of plasmaYoutubeFranzoli ElectronicsFranzoliGlow2023Musichttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCLsUeooHSJlE_5xL4BPQIOQA video channel which shows the non-hifi use of plasma well
VideoBowers & Wilkins Vintage P2H Plasma TweeterYoutubeBowers & Wilkins, B&WMike PGlow2023Tweeterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JRiJiQyQXHcWith replacement DuKane tweeters
VideoCan you control lightning with sound?YoutubeThe Action LabGlow2025https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=azIhKVkLk7UUsing ultrasound to confine and direct a plasma, see paper
Web ArticleA New Speaker PrincipleSaturday Review of LiteratureEdgar VillchurGlow1952TweeterSepVol 3560-61http://edgarvillchur.com/a-new-speaker-principle/Early complete opinion article on the Ionophone, Audax release info key
Web ArticleWikipedia DE - Ionophonic HeadphoneGregor AntesGlow1964Fullhttps://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_AntesBackground on Gregor Antes (for dates)
Web ArticleElectrovoice Ionovac loudspeakerScience Museum GroupElectro-Voice (electrovoice)West, RGlow1981Tweeterhttps://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/objects/co35774/electrovoice-ionovac-loudspeaker-loudspeakerWhere a real Ionovac is located
Web ArticleHypersonic Sound System A New Method of Sound ReproductionAmerican Technology Corporation ATC19975https://web.archive.org/web/19981201225721fw_/http://www.atcsd.com/HTML/sound2.htmlFirst web reference found, Tombs and Klein, not accurate but a start
Web ArticleA DIY Plasma TweeterAlessandro GalavottiGlow1999Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20080402095029/http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/Thinktank/1866/plasma.htmAn early diy build similar to Magnat
Web ArticleMassless SpeakersEverything22000https://everything2.com/title/Massless+SpeakersA brief general and inaccurate info page
Web ArticleWelcome to the Plasma Tweeter ZoneColin JoyeGlow2001Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20040617095338/http://www.ece.villanova.edu/~cdanjo/plasma.htmlAn early site with a Magnat clone project (page Plasma Tweeters II good too)
Web ArticleThis page contains some plasma loudspeaker historyJay PhilippbarGlow2001Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20030320083046/members.cox.net/jayphil/plasma.htmlA dead site with some nice plasmatronics and diy info
Web ArticleAcapella Audio Arts Violin Loudspeakerenjoythemusic.comAcapella (ATR)Tony MareschGlow2002TweeterOcthttps://www.enjoythemusic.com/magazine/equipment/1002/acapellavoilin.htmA summary of plasma tweeters and review of the Acapella
Web ArticleWelcome to the Second Plasma Tweeter ZoneColin JoyeGlow2002Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20080719165515/http://www.ee.vill.edu/~cdanjo/plasma2.htmlSecond plasma tweeter project page from Colin
Web ArticleThe Plasma Mid-Tweeter ProjectColin JoyeGlow2002Mid/Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20081205023544/http://www.ee.vill.edu/~cdanjo/plasmaMT/mid.htmlA tiny page with a hint of making a midrange plasma
Web ArticleThe Art of Speaker DesignNutshell HifiLynn Olson2002http://www.nutshellhifi.com/library/speaker-design1.htmlSome info on plasma speakers at the bottom
Web ArticlePlasma SpeakerAndrew ParsonsGlow2002Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20090313082242/http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~andrewp/plasma_speaker.htmlAn early project page
Web ArticleWelcome to Roger Russell's Page about the Ionophone LoudspeakerRoger RussellGlow2003Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20030206114606/http://home.earthlink.net/~rogerr7/ionovac.htmThe OG Roger Russell
Web ArticleFull History and info on IonovacsRoger RussellGlow2004Tweeterhttp://www.roger-russell.com/ionovac/ionovac.htmFull History and info on Ionovacs key
Web ArticleBerchet OnlineBerchetCorona2004https://web.archive.org/web/20040908002058/http://perso.wanadoo.fr/pol.bct/exemples/plasma.htmlAn early site with project corona wind photos
Web ArticlePlasma Tweeter HardcoreaudioSebastian MainkaGlow2004Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20090302055433/http://hardcoreaudio.de/plasmatweeter.htmAn early project page
Web ArticleKronos Advanced Technologies shuts downmasshightech.comCorona2008Fullhttps://web.archive.org/web/20121207064800/http://www.masshightech.com/stories/2008/10/06/daily67-Kronos-Advanced-Technologies-shuts-down.htmlThe end of another prototype (EFA)
Web ArticlePlasma Physics - Dr Gary GeavesBowers & Wilkins, B&WGlow2008Novhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160121125427/http://blog.bowers-wilkins.com/sound-lab/plasma-physics-%E2%80%93-dr-gary-geaves-head-of-research-and-development/When B&W researched some plasma speakers
Web ArticleArcophonePerth ArtifactoryGlow2010Musichttps://web.archive.org/web/20240914234158/https://wiki.artifactory.org.au/en/projects/arcophoneAn interesting version of plasma jacobs ladders (polyplasmic!), musical instrument
Web ArticleArcophone Mark II DebutsJohn BachtalGlow2011TweeterMarhttps://makezine.com/article/craft/music/arcophone_mkii_debutsVersion 2 of the arcophone
Web ArticleArcophoneBrettRDGlow2011TweeterMahttps://brettrd.com/projects/portfolio/2011/03/07/arcohone.htmlA page from the creator
Web ArticleMagnat Plasma TechnologyMITColin JoyeGlow2011Tweeterhttp://magnat.tv/n4.shtmlOld page on a diy Magnat clone
Web ArticleVR-100XS to debut next month! (forcefield)Audio CircleCal TechAlbert Von SchweikertGlow2012Tweeterhttps://www.audiocircle.com/index.php?topic=111136.0In his own words - As I had built a plasma speaker system at the lab at Cal Tech 36 years ago
Web ArticlePlasma AudioGlow2012https://plasmaaudio.blogspot.com/2012/02/brief-history-of-plasma-transducers.htmlA page with some plasma history
Web ArticleCool People Play Their Music With An Electric Plasma Spark, Not A Normal SpeakerTechCrunchExcelPhysicsGlow2014TweeterFebhttps://techcrunch.com/2014/02/27/cool-people-play-their-music-with-an-electric-plasma-spark-not-a-normal-speaker/?guccounter=1Some detail and hyperbole around the ExcelPhysics tweeter
Web Article30,000-volt-plasma stream powers new Kickstarter loudspeaker projectTechTimesExcelPhysicsGlow2014TweeterMarhttps://www.techtimes.com/articles/4410/20140316/30000-volt-plasma-stream-powers-new-kickstarter-loudspeaker-project.htmIt is not 30000 volts and not new
Web ArticleExcelPhysics KickstarterKickstarterExcelPhysicsGlow2014Tweeterhttps://www.kickstarter.com/projects/excelphysics/the-arc-plasma-speakerExcelPhysics Kickstarter (2014, main site now gone)
Web ArticleAudio Reference Le Son AuthentiquefrenchvintagehifiAudio ReferenceJean-Claude FourriereGlow2015Tweeterhttp://www.frenchvintagehifi.com/hardware/category/ahl-toltegravequeLast para and pic - AHL Tolteque and Plasmasonic
Web ArticleHeaven or Hell The Lady or the Tiger The Rocky Mountain Audio Show 2015Positive FeedbackVaugn LoudspeakersLynn OlsonGlow2015Tweeterhttps://positive-feedback.com/show-reports/olson-rmaf-2015/Vaughn Plasma II review
Web ArticleThe military wants to startle protesters with NOISE: Laser gun will terrify people using screaming balls of plasmaMail OnlineEllie ZolfagharifardLaser2015Julhttps://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3178948/The-military-wants-startle-protesters-NOISE-Laser-gun-terrify-people-using-screaming-balls-plasma.htmlTypical Mail crap, but early article on the military use of laser plasma sound
Web ArticleThe Once and Future TweeterPS AudioBill Leebens2016https://www.psaudio.com/copper/article/the-once-and-future-tweeter/A nice overview article
Web ArticleAxpona 2016 Loudspeakers $20k and UnderThe Absolute SoundAndrew QuintCorona2016Mid/TweeterAprhttps://www.theabsolutesound.com/articles/axpona-2016/Ears on the Waveion - a giant enema bulb and audio quality was nothing special
Web ArticleLe haut-parleur a plasma et le haut-parleur ionique Audio Fanzinepoussebouton2016Octhttps://fr.audiofanzine.com/haut-parleur/editorial/dossiers/le-haut-parleur-a-plasma-et-le-haut-parleur-ionique.htmlA short neat overview article with a forum
Web ArticleWizard on the HillAudio InvestigationsCorona2016Octhttp://audioinvestigations.blogspot.com/2016/10/wizard-on-hill.htmlMore John Iverson Force Field history and anecdotes
Web ArticleionTweeter Plasma Tweeter Speaker Hits KickstarterGeeky GadgetsJoe ArnoldGlow2017TweeterFebhttps://www.geeky-gadgets.com/iontweeter-plasma-tweeter-speaker-13-02-2017/Announcement of a kickstarter with actual prototype
Web ArticleionTweeterJoe ArnoldGlow2017TweeterFebhttps://www.kickstarter.com/projects/33246287/iontweeter-the-worlds-first-affordable-plasma-twee#The kickstarter of an actual prototype for low cost, most real kickstarter seen
Web ArticleSonarc - The world's first full audio frequency range, massless speakerCordisSonarc InnovationsPaul GilliganGlow2018Fullhttps://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/816414Grant for Sonarc with their objectives
Web ArticleUS Military Developing Laser Plasma SpeakersHackadayTom NardiLaser2018TweeterMarhttps://hackaday.com/2018/03/24/us-military-developing-laser-plasma-speakers/Using a laser to create plasma and a laser to modulate it for sound, non-lethal weapon
Web ArticleThe US Military Is Making Lasers That Create Voices out of Thin AirDefense OnePatrick TuckerLaser2018TweeterMarhttps://www.defenseone.com/technology/2018/03/us-military-making-lasers-create-voices-out-thin-air/146824/Laser based plasma speaker, limits indicate tweeter only at the moment
Web ArticleNon-Lethal Weapon: DOD seeks to use lasers to create shouting will-o-the-wispArs TechnicaSean GallagherLaser2018Marhttps://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2018/03/non-lethal-weapon-dod-seeks-to-use-lasers-to-create-shouting-will-o-the-wisp/?comments=1&comments-page=1
Web ArticlePlasma Singing Foggy Perspectives of IonophonesSudonullGlow2019Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230927075008/https://sudonull.com/post/20230-Plasma-Singing-Foggy-Perspectives-of-IonophonesA nice plasma article
Web ArticleSound Emitter Based on the Ionophone PrincipleN.N. Bochkarev, S.M. GavrilenkoGlow2019Tweeterhttps://ldsound-info.translate.goog/zvukovoj-izluchatel-na-principe-ionofona/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wappRUA Russian ionophone with circuit and varied claims
Web ArticleIW blower 2 - pipeHackaday.ioDeepSOICCorona2019Tweeterhttps://hackaday.io/project/7880-iw-blower-2-pipe/A nicely detailed project on an ion wind device from Russia
Web ArticlePlasma Coilgamechangeraudio.comGamechanger Audio2019https://gamechangeraudio.com/plasma-coil/USJust for reference, a guitar pedal that creates distortion using a xenon flash tube circuit, not a plasma sound producer but close
Web ArticleLo IonophoneDiego BaroneGlow2021Tweeterhttp://www.diegobarone.it/storico/Ionophone.htmItalian DIY Version of Klein Ionophone
Web ArticleThe FlamephoneScientific and Projections Ltd.Douglas SelfFlame2021FullAprhttp://douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/COMMS/flamephone/flamephone.htmA gramophone that modulates a flame, almost massless?
Web ArticlePlasma speakerWikipedia2023https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_speakerWikipedia s main section, varies in accuracy
Web ArticlePlasma speaker haut-parleur a eclairsmainguet.orgJean-Francois MainguetGlow2023TweeterFebhttps://science.mainguet.org/tech/plasmaspeaker/plasmaspeaker.htmFRA good history and practical article
Web ArticleThe Story of the Lansche Corona Plasma TweeterU-audio.com.twLansche, Corona AcousticDai TiankaiGlow2023TweeterAughttps://feature.u-audio.com.tw/featuredetail.asp?featureid=1314TWGreat history of Lansche with a lot of Otto Braun Corona detail
Web ArticlePlasma Loudspeaker AnalysisManus AIManus AI2025https://massless.info/images/plasmaloudspeakeranalysis-ManusAI.docxUKAn AI view of the state of plasma loudspeaker development
WebsiteThe Plasma Speaker HomepageUlrich HaumannGlow2003Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20030416194013/http://members.aol.com/uhaumann/index.htmThe OG plasmatweeter
WebsiteA Solid-State, FET-Based Ion TweeterColin Joye, Rob Alejnikov, Mark BlattnerGlow2002Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20110222145000/http://www.ece.villanova.edu/ion/An old site but good project information
WebsiteIonenlautsprecherionenlautsprecher.de.tlDominik PernthalerGlow2006Tweeterhttps://ionenlautsprecher.de.tl/A difficult to find website devoted to plasma tweeters and not updated since 2007
WebsitePlasma Tweeter site (old Plasma Speaker/Plasmaton)plasmatweeter.deUlrich HaumannGlow2010Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220520175317/http://www.plasmatweeter.de/Old (but different) version of plasmaspeaker.de
WebsiteIonovac.comionovac.comJack Podplesky, Daniel SchooGlow2013Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20130603070617/http://ionovac.com/A very good but dead site, link to the wayback machine key
WebsiteMagnat Hifi MuseumGlow2015Tweeterhttps://magnathifimuseum.wordpress.com/A general site on Magnat speakers including the plasma tweeters, was magnatmuseum.nl
WebsiteMagnat Hifi Museum archiveGlow2015Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180114020256/http://magnatmuseum.nl/A general site on Magnat speakers including the plasma tweeters, archived version
WebsiteExcelPhysicsExcelPhysicsGlow2016Tweeterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160310130847/http://excelphysics.com/The last version of the ExcelPhysics kickstarter store
WebsitePlasmatonplasmaspeaker.deUlrich HaumannGlow2022Tweeterhttps://plasmaspeaker.de/index.htmlPlasma Speaker top site key

 

The Categories column contains these:
Commercial - key successful designs you could buy
Early History - a reference to the earliest work
Forum - a web forum
Magazines
Papers
Patents
Prototype - key notable designs that were never sold
Text Books
Video
Website - a complete site related to massless designs
Web article - a web based magazine article

The Type column contains these types:
Corona - corona discharge plasma based such as ion wind, corona wind
Brush - brush discharge plasma based such as zeusaphone
Glow - glow discharge plasma based such as ionophone
Arc - arc discharge plasma based such as the singing arc
Flame - flame based such as pyrophone
Thermo - thermodynamic based such as thermophone
Laser - laser based plasma
Air - modulated air, not completely massless

The Range column contains these ranges:
Tweeter - High human range frequencies, such as treble
Mid - mid human range frequencies, such as voice
Woofer - low human range frequencies, such as bass
Full - wide human range frequencies, covering the whole human hearing range
Mic - a sound to electricity transducer, not a speaker
Music - the device produces musical sounds rather than accurate sound reproduction


 
 
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